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      Prenatal Maternal Smoking and Tourette Syndrome: A Nationwide Register Study.

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          Abstract

          This is the first nationwide register-based study to examine the relationship between prenatal maternal smoking and Tourette syndrome. A total of 767 children diagnosed with Tourette syndrome were identified from the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register. Each case was matched to four controls. Information on maternal smoking during pregnancy was obtained from the Finnish Medical Birth Register. Conditional logistic regression models were used for statistical analyses. Prenatal maternal smoking was associated with Tourette syndrome when comorbid with ADHD (OR 4.0, 95 % CI 1.2-13.5, p = 0.027 for exposure during first trimester, OR 1.7, 95 % CI, 1.05-2.7, p = 0.031 for exposure for the whole pregnancy). There was no association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and Tourette syndrome without comorbid ADHD (OR 0.5, 95 % CI 0.2-1.3, p = 0.166, OR 0.9, 95 % CI 0.7-1.3, p = 0.567). Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind the association between prenatal maternal smoking and Tourette syndrome with comorbid ADHD.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Child Psychiatry Hum Dev
          Child psychiatry and human development
          1573-3327
          0009-398X
          Feb 2016
          : 47
          : 1
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. susanna.leivonen@utu.fi.
          [2 ] Child Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. susanna.leivonen@utu.fi.
          [3 ] Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
          [4 ] Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
          [5 ] Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
          [6 ] Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
          [7 ] National Institute of Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland.
          [8 ] Nordic School of Public Health, Gothenburg, Sweden.
          [9 ] Child Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
          [10 ] Department of Child Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
          [11 ] RKBU, UiT Arctic University in Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
          Article
          10.1007/s10578-015-0545-z
          10.1007/s10578-015-0545-z
          25796373
          b463dcf5-d968-405e-ba89-db1873755b7e
          History

          ADHD,Epidemiology,Prenatal maternal smoking,Register study,Risk factor,Tourette syndrome

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