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      Mechanisms in plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria that enhance legume-rhizobial symbioses.

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          Abstract

          Nitrogen fixation is an important biological process in terrestrial ecosystems and for global crop production. Legume nodulation and N2 fixation have been improved using nodule-enhancing rhizobacteria (NER) under both regular and stressed conditions. The positive effect of NER on legume-rhizobia symbiosis can be facilitated by plant growth-promoting (PGP) mechanisms, some of which remain to be identified. NER that produce aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase and indole acetic acid enhance the legume-rhizobia symbiosis through (i) enhancing the nodule induction, (ii) improving the competitiveness of rhizobia for nodulation, (iii) prolonging functional nodules by suppressing nodule senescence and (iv) upregulating genes associated with legume-rhizobia symbiosis. The means by which these processes enhance the legume-rhizobia symbiosis is the focus of this review. A better understanding of the mechanisms by which PGP rhizobacteria operate, and how they can be altered, will provide opportunities to enhance legume-rhizobial interactions, to provide new advances in plant growth promotion and N2 fixation.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          J Appl Microbiol
          Journal of applied microbiology
          Wiley
          1365-2672
          1364-5072
          Nov 2020
          : 129
          : 5
          Affiliations
          [1 ] School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia.
          [2 ] China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia.
          Article
          10.1111/jam.14754
          32592603
          b4777149-6910-4968-aaa0-9a00e52f7c7b
          © 2020 The Society for Applied Microbiology.
          History

          ACC deaminase,IAA,N2 fixation,Rhizobia,nodule-enhancing rhizobacteria (NER)

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