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      Past, present, and future of Emergency General Surgery in the USA

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          Abstract

          Emergency General Surgery ( EGS) patients represent a unique group of acutely ill surgical patients at high risk for death and complications. Since the inception of EGS as a surgical subspecialty in the early 2000s, there have been significant developments to further define the scope of EGS as well as to advance data collection, performance measurement, and quality improvement. This includes defining the EGS cohort by diagnosis and procedure and by overall burden, benchmarking of EGS outcomes, and creation of quality improvement programs aimed at reducing the excess morbidity and mortality associated with EGS. Going forward there exists a need for a more modern approach to quality improvement. This may include the creation of an EGS data registry, the use of electronic medical records data, wearable device technology, and a focus on patient reported outcomes.

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          Most cited references21

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          Big data analytics in healthcare: promise and potential

          Objective To describe the promise and potential of big data analytics in healthcare. Methods The paper describes the nascent field of big data analytics in healthcare, discusses the benefits, outlines an architectural framework and methodology, describes examples reported in the literature, briefly discusses the challenges, and offers conclusions. Results The paper provides a broad overview of big data analytics for healthcare researchers and practitioners. Conclusions Big data analytics in healthcare is evolving into a promising field for providing insight from very large data sets and improving outcomes while reducing costs. Its potential is great; however there remain challenges to overcome.
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            Risk factors for 30-day hospital readmission among general surgery patients.

            Hospital readmission within 30 days of an index hospitalization is receiving increased scrutiny as a marker of poor-quality patient care. This study identifies factors associated with 30-day readmission after general surgery procedures. Using standard National Surgical Quality Improvement Project protocol, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative outcomes were collected on patients undergoing inpatient general surgery procedures at a single academic center between 2009 and 2011. Data were merged with our institutional clinical data warehouse to identify unplanned 30-day readmissions. Demographics, comorbidities, type of procedure, postoperative complications, and ICD-9 coding data were reviewed for patients who were readmitted. Univariate and multivariate analysis was used to identify risk factors associated with 30-day readmission. One thousand four hundred and forty-two general surgery patients were reviewed. One hundred and sixty-three (11.3%) were readmitted within 30 days of discharge. The most common reasons for readmission were gastrointestinal problem/complication (27.6%), surgical infection (22.1%), and failure to thrive/malnutrition (10.4%). Comorbidities associated with risk of readmission included disseminated cancer, dyspnea, and preoperative open wound (p < 0.05 for all variables). Surgical procedures associated with higher rates of readmission included pancreatectomy, colectomy, and liver resection. Postoperative occurrences leading to increased risk of readmission were blood transfusion, postoperative pulmonary complication, wound complication, sepsis/shock, urinary tract infection, and vascular complications. Multivariable analysis demonstrates that the most significant independent risk factor for readmission is the occurrence of any postoperative complication (odds ratio = 4.20; 95% CI, 2.89-6.13). Risk factors for readmission after general surgery procedures are multifactorial, however, postoperative complications appear to drive readmissions in surgical patients. Taking appropriate steps to minimize postoperative complications will decrease postoperative readmissions. Copyright © 2012 American College of Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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              Use of National Burden to Define Operative Emergency General Surgery.

              Emergency general surgery (EGS) represents 11% of surgical admissions and 50% of surgical mortality in the United States. However, there is currently no established definition of the EGS procedures.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                jhavens@bwh.harvard.edu
                Journal
                Acute Med Surg
                Acute Med Surg
                10.1002/(ISSN)2052-8817
                AMS2
                Acute Medicine & Surgery
                John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                2052-8817
                12 January 2018
                April 2018
                : 5
                : 2 ( doiID: 10.1002/ams2.2018.5.issue-2 )
                : 119-122
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Department of Surgery Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA
                [ 2 ] Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA
                [ 3 ] Center for Surgery and Public Health Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA
                Author notes
                [*] [* ]Corresponding: Joaquim Havens, MD, Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115. E‐mail: jhavens@ 123456bwh.harvard.edu .
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2143-3756
                Article
                AMS2327
                10.1002/ams2.327
                5891107
                29657721
                b4b34cc9-e651-4d44-a99e-bd8d4b5d7aec
                © 2018 The Authors. Acute Medicine & Surgery published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Association for Acute Medicine

                This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 22 November 2017
                : 04 December 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 0, Pages: 4, Words: 2548
                Categories
                Review Article
                Review Articles
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                ams2327
                April 2018
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_NLMPMC version:version=5.3.4 mode:remove_FC converted:09.04.2018

                emergency general surgery,quality improvement,surgical outcomes

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