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      Suspecting classical homocystinuria in an adolescent born before the newborn screening program Translated title: Suspeita de homocistinúria clássica numa adolescente nascida antes do rastreio neonatal precoce

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          Abstract

          Abstract Introduction: Classical homocystinuria (HCU) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency in the cystathionine beta-synthase enzyme and associated with a high probability of vascular complications. Herein is presented the case of an adolescent diagnosed with HCU during cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) study. Case Report: A 14-year-old girl presented with thrombophilia screening tests suggestive of HCU during CVST study. After referral to an Inherited Metabolic Diseases Unit, she started supplementation with pyridoxine, folic acid, vitamin B12, betaine anhydrous, and cysteine and was advised to restrict natural proteins and methionine from diet. Genetic analysis revealed a homozygous CBS mutation (c.572C>T (p.T191M) with c.699C>T (p.Y233Y) polymorphism. Discussion: In adolescents born before 2004 (year of implementation of the Portuguese newborn screening program), HCU should be considered when studying hypercoagulability syndromes, as it is a treatable condition and treatment can prevent major morbidity and mortality causes.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Introdução: A homocistinúria clássica (HCU) é uma doença autossómica recessiva caracterizada por um défice na enzima cistationina beta-sintase, com probabilidade de ocorrência de complicações vasculares associadas. É apresentado o caso de uma adolescente diagnosticada com HCU no decorrer do estudo etiológico de trombose dos seios venosos (TSV). Descrição do caso: Uma adolescente de 14 anos apresentou um resultado de teste de trombofilia sugestivo de HCU durante o estudo de TSV. A doente foi orientada para uma Unidade de Doenças Hereditárias do Metabolismo, onde iniciou suplementação com piridoxina, ácido fólico, vitamina B12, betaína e cisteína e foi aconselhada a restringir proteínas naturais e metionina na dieta. O estudo genético revelou uma mutação homozigótica do gene CBS (c.572C> T (p.T191M) e o polimorfismo c.699C> T (p.Y233Y). Discussão: Os autores salientam a importância de considerar a HCU no estudo etiológico da trombofilia, principalmente em adolescentes nascidos antes de 2004 (ano de inclusão da HCU no rastreio neonatal), uma vez que se trata de uma doença tratável e o tratamento é capaz de prevenir as principais causas de morbimortalidade associadas.

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          Headache Diagnosis in Children and Adolescents.

          Headache phenotypes can differ between adults and children. While most headaches are due to primary headache disorders, in a small population, they can be an indication of a potentially life-threatening neurologic condition. The challenge lies in identifying warning signs that warrant further workup. This article reviews different types of pediatric headaches and headache evaluation in children and teens, and focuses on the approach for diagnosis of secondary headaches.
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            Four years of expanded newborn screening in Portugal with tandem mass spectrometry

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              Homocystinuria with transverse sinus thrombosis.

              A case of cerebral venous thrombosis caused by undiagnosed homocystinuria is reported. The pitfalls regarding the diagnosis of a potentially medically treatable condition are discussed. Cerebral venous thrombosis in children has a variable type of onset and a multiplicity of causes. This type of pathology, although not frequent, is more common than previously thought. Among the different etiologies, undiagnosed homocystinuria is not routinely considered. We report a case of venous thrombosis of the left transverse cerebral sinus in a girl with drug-resistant partial epilepsy and homocystinuria. This diagnosis was considered and confirmed after the appearance of acute cerebral symptoms caused by venous thrombosis.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                nas
                Nascer e Crescer
                Nascer e Crescer
                Centro Hospitalar do Porto (Porto, , Portugal )
                0872-0754
                2183-9417
                March 2021
                : 30
                : 1
                : 44-47
                Affiliations
                [1] Braga orgnameHospital de Braga orgdiv1Department of Pediatrics Portugal fsgc_carvalho@ 123456hotmail.com
                [4] Braga orgnameHospital de Braga orgdiv1Pediatric Intermediate Care Unit Portugal carlamf85@ 123456hotmail.com
                [3] Vila Nova de Gaia orgnameCentro Hospitalar Vila de Nova Gaia/Espinho orgdiv1Department of Pediatrics, Unidade II Portugal joanasoresdosreis@ 123456gmail.com
                [2] Porto orgnameCentro Hospitalar São João orgdiv1Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Disorders Portugal teresaalmeidacampos@ 123456gmail.com
                [5] Lisboa orgnameNational Institute of Health Dr Ricardo Jorge orgdiv1Neonatal Screening, Metabolism & Genetics Unit, Human Genetics Department Portugal laura.vilarinho@ 123456insa.min-saude.pt
                Article
                S0872-07542021000100044 S0872-0754(21)03000100044
                10.25753/birthgrowthmj.v30.i1.18753
                b5196acd-373f-4f6d-bb38-564b76d80f02

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 22 October 2019
                : 14 April 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 13, Pages: 4
                Product

                SciELO Portugal

                Categories
                Case Reports

                trombose dos seios venosos,rastreio neonatal precoce,homocistinúria,sinus thrombosis,neonatal screening,homocystinuria

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