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      Signature of Atomic Structure in the Quantum Conductance of Gold Nanowires

      , ,
      Physical Review Letters
      American Physical Society (APS)

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          Abstract

          We have used high resolution transmission electron microscopy to determine the structure of gold nanowires generated by mechanical stretching. Just before rupture, the contacts adopt only three possible atomic configurations, whose occurrence probabilities and quantized conductance were subsequently estimated. These predictions have shown a remarkable agreement with conductance measurements from a break junction operating in ultrahigh vacuum, corroborating the derived correlation between nanowire atomic structure and conductance behavior.

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          Most cited references21

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          Curling and closure of graphitic networks under electron-beam irradiation.

          D. Ugarte (1992)
          The discovery of buckminsterfullerene (C60) and its production in macroscopic quantities has stimulated a great deal of research. More recently, attention has turned towards other curved graphitic networks, such as the giant fullerenes (Cn, n > 100) and carbon nanotubes. A general mechanism has been proposed in which the graphitic sheets bend in an attempt to eliminate the highly energetic dangling bonds present at the edge of the growing structure. Here, I report the response of carbon soot particles and tubular graphitic structures to intense electron-beam irradiation in a high-resolution electron microscope; such conditions resemble a high-temperature regime, permitting a degree of structural fluidity. With increased irradiation, there is a gradual reorganization of the initial material into quasi-spherical particles composed of concentric graphitic shells. This lends weight to the nucleation scheme proposed for fullerenes, and moreover, suggests that planar graphite may not be the most stable allotrope of carbon in systems of limited size.
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            Atomistic mechanisms and dynamics of adhesion, nanoindentation, and fracture.

            Molecular dynamics simulations and atomic force microscopy are used to investigate the atomistic mechanisms of adhesion, contact formation, nanoindentation, separation, and fracture that occur when a nickel tip interacts with a gold surface. The theoretically predicted and experimentally measured hysteresis in the force versus tip-to-sample distance relationship, found upon approach and subsequent separation of the tip from the sample, is related to inelastic deformation of the sample surface characterized by adhesion of gold atoms to the nickel tip and formation of a connective neck of atoms. At small tipsample distances, mechanical instability causes the tip and surface to jump-to-contact, which in turn leads to adhesion-induced wetting of the nickel tip by gold atoms. Subsequent indentation of the substrate results in the onset of plastic deformation of the gold surface. The atomic-scale mechanisms underlying the formation and elongation of a connective neck, which forms upon separation, consist of structural transformations involving elastic and yielding stages.
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              Atomic-sized metallic contacts: Mechanical properties and electronic transport.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                PRLTAO
                Physical Review Letters
                Phys. Rev. Lett.
                American Physical Society (APS)
                0031-9007
                1079-7114
                November 2000
                November 6 2000
                : 85
                : 19
                : 4124-4127
                Article
                10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.4124
                11056640
                b5530a68-5a80-4e72-b7da-4183178a5821
                © 2000

                http://link.aps.org/licenses/aps-default-license

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