First Experimental Characterization of Microwave Emission from Cosmic Ray Air Showers.

Šmída, R.; Werner, F.; Engel, R.; Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C.; Bekk, K.; Bertaina, M. E.; Blumer, K J; Bozdog, H.; Brancus, I. M.; Chiavassa, A.; Cossavella, F.; Di Pierro, F.; Doll, Tais A. P. F.; Fuchs, B.; Fuhrmann, D; Grupen, C G; Haungs, A.; Heck, D.; Hörandel, Jörg; Huber, D.; Huege, T.; Kampert, K. H.; Kang, James D.; Klages, H. O.; Kleifges, M.; Krömer, O.; Link, K.; Luczak, P.; Ludwig, M.; Mathes, H. J.; Mathys, S.; Mayer, H J; Melissas, M.; Morello, C.; Neunteufel, P.; Oehlschläger, J; Palmieri, N.; Pȩkala, J.; Pierog, T.; Rautenberg, J.; Rebel, H; Riegel, M; Roth, M.; Salamida, F.; Schieler, H.; Schoo, S.; Schröder, F. G.; Sima, O.; Stasielak, J.; Toma, G.; Trinchero, G. C.; Unger, M.; Weber, M M; Weindl, A.; Wilczyński, H.; Will, M; Wochele, J.; Zabierowski, J.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.221101

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First Experimental Characterization of Microwave Emission from Cosmic Ray Air Showers.

Author(s): R. Šmída, F. Werner, R. Engel, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, K. Bekk, M. Bertaina, K Blumer, H. Bozdog, I. Brancus, A. Chiavassa, F. Cossavella, F. Di Pierro, Tais Doll, B. Fuchs, D Fuhrmann, C Grupen, A. Haungs, D. Heck, Jörg Hörandel, D. Huber, T. Huege, K. Kampert, James D. Kang, H. Klages, M. Kleifges, O. Krömer, K. Link, P. Luczak, M. Ludwig, H. J. Mathes, S. Mathys, H Mayer, M. Melissas, C. Morello, P. Neunteufel, J Oehlschläger, N. Palmieri, J. Pȩkala, T. Pierog, J. Rautenberg, H Rebel, M Riegel, M. Roth, F. Salamida, H. Schieler, S. Schoo, F. G. Schröder, O. Sima, J. Stasielak, G. Toma, G. C. Trinchero, M. Unger, M M Weber, A. Weindl, H. Wilczyński, M Will, J. Wochele, J. Zabierowski

Publication date: 2014-11-28

Journal: Physical review letters

Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)

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Abstract

We report the first direct measurement of the overall characteristics of microwave radio emission from extensive air showers. Using a trigger provided by the KASCADE-Grande air shower array, the signals of the microwave antennas of the Cosmic-Ray Observation via Microwave Emission experiment have been read out and searched for signatures of radio emission by high-energy air showers in the GHz frequency range. Microwave signals have been detected for more than 30 showers with energies above 3×10^{16} eV. The observations presented in this Letter are consistent with a mainly forward-directed and polarized emission process in the GHz frequency range. The measurements show that microwave radiation offers a new means of studying air showers at E≥10^{17} eV.