5
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: not found

      Dynamics of nosocomial SARS‐CoV‐2 transmissions: Facing the challenge of variants of concern in a Brazilian reference hospital

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          The hospital environment can be considered a high risk for the occurrence of SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission outbreaks, either for health professionals who are directly involved in the care of suspected or confirmed cases of the disease, or for patients, for being in an environment more vulnerable to the acquisition of nosocomial infections. In this molecular epidemiology study, we aimed to analyze the occurrence and transmission dynamics of SARS‐CoV‐2 in outbreaks and local chains of transmission in a large tertiary teaching hospital in southern Brazil, in addition to verifying circulating strains and their epidemiological relation in the local context, from September 21, 2020 to October 5, 2021. Positive samples involved in COVID‐19 clusters or outbreaks were analyzed using clinical, epidemiological and genomic data. Different lineages and sublineages among patients in the same room were observed. Most patients had their first clinical manifestation, evidence of suspicion, and diagnostic confirmation within 7–14 days or >14 days after hospital admission. The patients who have contact with confirmed cases of COVID‐19 spent, on average, 6.28 days in the same environment until the positive test. There was a significant association between the outcome and the number of vaccine doses ( p < 0.05), where those who received two doses presented a lower occurrence of death. There was a total replacement of variant of concern (VOC) Gamma by VOC Delta from August 2021 at the study site. Although the epidemiological analysis indicates nosocomial infections, through genomic sequencing, it was established that most of the hospital outbreaks had different origins. These findings highlight the utility of integrating epidemiological and genomic data to identify possible routes of viral entry and dissemination.

          Related collections

          Most cited references16

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Reduced sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 variant Delta to antibody neutralization

          The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 lineage was identified in October 2020 in India1-5. Since then, it has become dominant in some regions of India and in the UK, and has spread to many other countries6. The lineage includes three main subtypes (B1.617.1, B.1.617.2 and B.1.617.3), which contain diverse mutations in the N-terminal domain (NTD) and the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein that may increase the immune evasion potential of these variants. B.1.617.2-also termed the Delta variant-is believed to spread faster than other variants. Here we isolated an infectious strain of the Delta variant from an individual with COVID-19 who had returned to France from India. We examined the sensitivity of this strain to monoclonal antibodies and to antibodies present in sera from individuals who had recovered from COVID-19 (hereafter referred to as convalescent individuals) or who had received a COVID-19 vaccine, and then compared this strain with other strains of SARS-CoV-2. The Delta variant was resistant to neutralization by some anti-NTD and anti-RBD monoclonal antibodies, including bamlanivimab, and these antibodies showed impaired binding to the spike protein. Sera collected from convalescent individuals up to 12 months after the onset of symptoms were fourfold less potent against the Delta variant relative to the Alpha variant (B.1.1.7). Sera from individuals who had received one dose of the Pfizer or the AstraZeneca vaccine had a barely discernible inhibitory effect on the Delta variant. Administration of two doses of the vaccine generated a neutralizing response in 95% of individuals, with titres three- to fivefold lower against the Delta variant than against the Alpha variant. Thus, the spread of the Delta variant is associated with an escape from antibodies that target non-RBD and RBD epitopes of the spike protein.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: found
            Is Open Access

            Search and sequence analysis tools services from EMBL-EBI in 2022

            The EMBL-EBI search and sequence analysis tools frameworks provide integrated access to EMBL-EBI’s data resources and core bioinformatics analytical tools. EBI Search ( https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ebisearch ) provides a full-text search engine across nearly 5 billion entries, while the Job Dispatcher tools framework ( https://www.ebi.ac.uk/services ) enables the scientific community to perform a diverse range of sequence analysis using popular bioinformatics applications. Both allow users to interact through user-friendly web applications, as well as via RESTful and SOAP-based APIs. Here, we describe recent improvements to these services and updates made to accommodate the increasing data requirements during the COVID-19 pandemic. Graphical Abstract Overview of the tools and data resources provided by EBI Search and Job Dispatcher services accessible via their webpage and programmatic interfaces.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Nosocomial transmission of COVID-19: a retrospective study of 66 hospital-acquired cases in a London teaching hospital

              Abstract COVID-19 can cause deadly healthcare-associated outbreaks. In a major London teaching hospital, 66/435 (15%) of COVID-19 inpatient cases between 2 March and 12 April 2020 were definitely or probably hospital-acquired, through varied transmission routes. The case fatality was 36%. Nosocomial infection rates fell following comprehensive infection prevention and control measures.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                andressa.hoffmann@gmail.com
                Journal
                J Med Virol
                J Med Virol
                10.1002/(ISSN)1096-9071
                JMV
                Journal of Medical Virology
                John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                0146-6615
                1096-9071
                09 January 2023
                February 2023
                09 January 2023
                : 95
                : 2 ( doiID: 10.1002/jmv.v95.2 )
                : e28446
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Controle de Infecção Hospitalar Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
                [ 2 ] Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular Universidade Feevale Novo Hamburgo Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
                [ 3 ] Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre Porto Alegre Brazil
                [ 4 ] Instituto de Biologia Universidade de Campinas Campinas São Paulo Brazil
                [ 5 ] Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre Porto Alegre Brazil
                [ 6 ] Centro de Tecnologias Limpas Universidade Feevale Novo Hamburgo Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence Andressa Taíz Hoffmann, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre – Hospital Dom Vicente Scherer, Controle de Infecção Hospitalar ‐ Centro Histórico, Av. Independência, No. 155 CEP, Porto Alegre 90035‐074, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

                Email: andressa.hoffmann@ 123456gmail.com

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1830-9017
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7160-7649
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4833-4400
                Article
                JMV28446
                10.1002/jmv.28446
                9880750
                36579775
                b5cb9bda-d3cd-42eb-bf70-40973f18250f
                © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

                This article is being made freely available through PubMed Central as part of the COVID-19 public health emergency response. It can be used for unrestricted research re-use and analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source, for the duration of the public health emergency.

                History
                : 12 December 2022
                : 08 July 2022
                : 18 December 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 5, Pages: 11, Words: 6445
                Funding
                Funded by: Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos , doi 10.13039/501100004809;
                Categories
                Research Article
                Research Articles
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                February 2023
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_JATSPMC version:6.2.4 mode:remove_FC converted:27.01.2023

                Microbiology & Virology
                covid‐19,hospital transmission,severe acute respiratory syndrome
                Microbiology & Virology
                covid‐19, hospital transmission, severe acute respiratory syndrome

                Comments

                Comment on this article