Advanced electrospun nanomaterials for highly efficient electrocatalysis

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Abstract

We highlight the recent developments of electrospun nanomaterials with controlled morphology, composition and architecture for highly efficient electrocatalysis.

Abstract

In recent years, electrospun nanomaterials have been regarded as efficient electrocatalysts for energy storage and conversion due to their large surface area, unique chemical structure, easily tunable composition, and excellent electron and mass transportation properties. In this review, we will discuss the recent progress regarding the electrochemical catalytic reactions based on advanced electrospun nanomaterials, including the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO ₂RR), nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), and small molecule oxidation reaction. After a brief description of the electrospinning technique and electrospun nanomaterials, we will focus on the relationship among the morphology, composition, and architecture of the electrospun nanomaterial-based electrocatalysts and their electrocatalytic performance. In addition, the remaining challenges and perspectives for further advances have been addressed. With the fast development of the electrocatalytic energy conversion devices, the research on the advanced electrospun nanomaterials in this field is anticipated to be significantly attractive and exciting in the near future.

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Yan Jiao, Yao Zheng, Mietek Jaroniec … (2015)

A fundamental change has been achieved in understanding surface electrochemistry due to the profound knowledge of the nature of electrocatalytic processes accumulated over the past several decades and to the recent technological advances in spectroscopy and high resolution imaging. Nowadays one can preferably design electrocatalysts based on the deep theoretical knowledge of electronic structures, via computer-guided engineering of the surface and (electro)chemical properties of materials, followed by the synthesis of practical materials with high performance for specific reactions. This review provides insights into both theoretical and experimental electrochemistry toward a better understanding of a series of key clean energy conversion reactions including oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The emphasis of this review is on the origin of the electrocatalytic activity of nanostructured catalysts toward the aforementioned reactions by correlating the apparent electrode performance with their intrinsic electrochemical properties. Also, a rational design of electrocatalysts is proposed starting from the most fundamental aspects of the electronic structure engineering to a more practical level of nanotechnological fabrication.