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      A DPSIR Model for Ecological Security Assessment through Indicator Screening: A Case Study at Dianchi Lake in China

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          Abstract

          Given the important role of lake ecosystems in social and economic development, and the current severe environmental degradation in China, a systematic diagnosis of the ecological security of lakes is essential for sustainable development. A Driving-force, Pressure, Status, Impact, and Risk (DPSIR) model, combined with data screening for lake ecological security assessment was developed to overcome the disadvantages of data selection in existing assessment methods. Correlation and principal component analysis were used to select independent and representative data. The DPSIR model was then applied to evaluate the ecological security of Dianchi Lake in China during 1988-2007 using an ecological security index. The results revealed a V-shaped trend. The application of the DPSIR model with data screening provided useful information regarding the status of the lake’s ecosystem, while ensuring information efficiency and eliminating multicollinearity. The modeling approach described here is practical and operationally efficient, and provides an attractive alternative approach to assess the ecological security of lakes.

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          Balancing environmental and industry sustainability: a case study of the US gold mining industry.

          Mandatory insurance requirements and/or mitigation fees (royalties) for mining companies may help reduce environmental risk exposure for the federal government. Mining is examined since the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Toxic Release Inventory reveals that this sector produces more hazardous waste than any other industrial sector. Although uncommon, environmental expense can exceed hundreds of millions of dollars per development. Of particular concern is the potential for mines to become unfunded Superfund sites. Monte Carlo simulation of risk exposure is used to establish a plausible range of unfunded federal liabilities associated with cyanide-leach gold mining. A model is developed to assess these costs and their impact on both the federal budget and corporate profitability (i.e., industry sustainability), particularly if such costs are borne by offending firms.
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            Author and article information

            Contributors
            Role: Editor
            Journal
            PLoS One
            PLoS ONE
            plos
            plosone
            PLoS ONE
            Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
            1932-6203
            24 June 2015
            2015
            : 10
            : 6
            : e0131732
            Affiliations
            [1 ]School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
            [2 ]Department of Geography, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
            [3 ]College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
            Shandong University, CHINA
            Author notes

            Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

            Conceived and designed the experiments: ZW HG. Analyzed the data: ZW JZ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: HG SH. Wrote the paper: JZ ZW HL.

            Article
            PONE-D-14-47692
            10.1371/journal.pone.0131732
            4479557
            26107170
            b63a480d-decd-4bb5-92a8-5163aa6264e6
            Copyright @ 2015

            This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited

            History
            : 23 October 2014
            : 4 June 2015
            Page count
            Figures: 8, Tables: 0, Pages: 13
            Funding
            This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41101567) and the Youth Chen-guang Project of Science and Technology of the City of Wuhan (Grant No. 2014070404010199) to ZW. The authors also thank the financial award from State Scholarship Fund of China Scholarship Council (File No. 201308420277) to support the research at UCSB (to ZW). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
            Categories
            Research Article
            Custom metadata
            All data are uploaded to Figshare. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1444497.

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