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      Endothelin and endothelin antagonism: roles in cardiovascular health and disease.

      1 , ,
      American heart journal

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          Abstract

          Endothelin is the most potent mammalian vasoconstrictor yet discovered. Its three isoforms play leading roles in regulating vascular tone and causing mitogenesis. The isoforms bind to two major receptor subtypes (ETA and ETB), which mediate a wide variety of physiologic actions in several organ systems. Endothelin may also be a disease marker or an etiologic factor in ischemic heart disease, atherosclerosis, congestive heart failure, renal failure, myocardial and vascular wall hypertrophy, systemic hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Specific and nonspecific receptor antagonists and ECE inhibitors that have been developed interfere with endothelin's function. Many available cardiovascular therapeutic agents, such as angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, calcium-entry blocking drugs, and nitroglycerin, also may interfere with endothelin release or may modify its activity. The endothelin antagonists have great potential as agents for use in the treatment of a wide spectrum of disease entities and as biologic probes for understanding the actions of endothelin in human beings.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Am. Heart J.
          American heart journal
          0002-8703
          0002-8703
          Sep 1995
          : 130
          : 3 Pt 1
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
          Article
          0002-8703(95)90370-4
          7661079
          b66e137c-209c-4c67-b6b2-1ce1563217ec
          History

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