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      Forward osmosis for heavy metal removal: Multi-charged metallic complexes as draw solutes

      , , ,
      Desalination
      Elsevier BV

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          Molecularly soldered covalent organic frameworks for ultrafast precision sieving

          COF membrane was synthesized using a molecularly soldered strategy toward precise-sieving angstrom-sized contaminants.
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            Selection of inorganic-based draw solutions for forward osmosis applications

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              Task-specific ionic liquid for solubilizing metal oxides.

              Protonated betaine bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide is an ionic liquid with the ability to dissolve large quantities of metal oxides. This metal-solubilizing power is selective. Soluble are oxides of the trivalent rare earths, uranium(VI) oxide, zinc(II) oxide, cadmium(II) oxide, mercury(II) oxide, nickel(II) oxide, copper(II) oxide, palladium(II) oxide, lead(II) oxide, manganese(II) oxide, and silver(I) oxide. Insoluble or very poorly soluble are iron(III), manganese(IV), and cobalt oxides, as well as aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide. The metals can be stripped from the ionic liquid by treatment of the ionic liquid with an acidic aqueous solution. After transfer of the metal ions to the aqueous phase, the ionic liquid can be recycled for reuse. Betainium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide forms one phase with water at high temperatures, whereas phase separation occurs below 55.5 degrees C (temperature switch behavior). The mixtures of the ionic liquid with water also show a pH-dependent phase behavior: two phases occur at low pH, whereas one phase is present under neutral or alkaline conditions. The structures, the energetics, and the charge distribution of the betaine cation and the bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anion, as well as the cation-anion pairs, were studied by density functional theory calculations.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Desalination
                Desalination
                Elsevier BV
                00119164
                October 2022
                October 2022
                : 539
                : 115924
                Article
                10.1016/j.desal.2022.115924
                b724863d-86fe-4d8c-aac9-99355e8d358d
                © 2022

                https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/

                https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-017

                https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-037

                https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-012

                https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-029

                https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-004

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