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      A first genotyping assay of French cattle breeds based on a new allele of the extension gene encoding the melanocortin-1 receptor (Mc1r)

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          Abstract

          The seven transmembrane domain melanocortin-1 receptor (Mc1r) encoded by the coat color extension gene ( E) plays a key role in the signaling pathway of melanin synthesis. Upon the binding of agonist (melanocortin hormone, α-MSH) or antagonist (Agouti protein) ligands, the melanosomal synthesis of eumelanin and/or phaeomelanin pigments is stimulated or inhibited, respectively. Different alleles of the extension gene were cloned from unrelated animals belonging to French cattle breeds and sequenced. The wild type E allele was mainly present in Normande cattle, the dominant E D allele in animals with black color ( i.e. Holstein), whereas the recessive e allele was identified in homozygous animals exhibiting a more or less strong red coat color (Blonde d'Aquitaine, Charolaise, Limousine and Salers). A new allele, named E 1, was found in either homozygous ( E 1/ E 1) or heterozygous ( E 1/ E) individuals in Aubrac and Gasconne breeds. This allele displayed a 4 amino acid duplication (12 nucleotides) located within the third cytoplasmic loop of the receptor, a region known to interact with G proteins. A first genotyping assay of the main French cattle breeds is described based on these four extension alleles.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Genet Sel Evol
          Genetics, Selection, Evolution : GSE
          BioMed Central
          0999-193X
          1297-9686
          2000
          15 September 2000
          : 32
          : 5
          : 511-520
          Affiliations
          [1 ]Unité de génétique moléculaire animale, UMR 1061 (Université/INRA), Université de Limoges, 87060 Limoges Cedex, France
          [2 ]Unité de génétique biochimique et cytogénétique, UR339, Institut national de la recherche agronomique, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France
          [3 ]Laboratoire d'analyses génétiques pour les espèces animales (LABOGENA), Institut national de la recherche agronomique, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France
          [4 ]Station de génétique quantitative et appliquée, UR337, Institut national de la recherche agronomique, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France
          Article
          1297-9686-32-5-511
          10.1186/1297-9686-32-5-511
          2706875
          14736379
          b7525e0c-16d2-483a-b91d-3fc584909454
          Copyright © 2000 INRA, EDP Sciences
          History
          : 21 February 2000
          : 6 June 2000
          Categories
          Research

          Genetics
          coat color,polymorphism,genotyping,extension,cattle
          Genetics
          coat color, polymorphism, genotyping, extension, cattle

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