Diferenças de gêneros nos grupos de brincadeira na rua: a hipótese de aproximação unilateral

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Abstract

Este estudo investigou aspectos da diferenciação sexual em brincadeiras de crianças/adolescentes na rua. Participaram 668 pessoas entre 1 e 18 anos (245 meninas - 423 meninos), moradores/visitantes de três ruas num bairro da periferia de Belém, durante 1 ano. Foram observadas diferenças de gênero quanto à participação na rua e à variedade de subcultura lúdica. Observou-se predominância dos meninos na rua, segregação e tipificação sexual nas brincadeiras e maior penetração das meninas na subcultura masculina. Os dados sobre composição dos grupos, segregação, tipificação e preferência por brincadeiras levam à hipótese de aproximação unilateral entre os grupos de gênero

Translated abstract

This study examined aspects of sex differentiation among children and adolescents engaged in play activities in the street. The participants included 668 individuals between the ages of one and 18 years (245 girls and 423 boys), residing near three streets in a peri-urban area of Belém, during a one-year period. Scan sampling was utilized and the following variables were recorded: the identity and number of participants, group composition, type of play activity, age and play locale. There were gender differences related to the frequency of participation and types of activity. Although males were more numerous than females in the street, and play activities were largely sex-typified and segregated, females tended to participate in masculine dominant activities. The data on group composition, segregation, typology, game and toy preference lead us to infer the presence of gender-related unilateral approximation.

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Gender and relationships. A developmental account.

E E Maccoby (1990)

This article argues that behavioral differentiation of the sexes is minimal when children are observed or tested individually. Sex differences emerge primarily in social situations, and their nature varies with the gender composition of dyads and groups. Children find same-sex play partners more compatible, and they segregate themselves into same-sex groups, in which distinctive interaction styles emerge. These styles are described. As children move into adolescence, the patterns they developed in their childhood same-sex groups are carried over into cross-sex encounters in which girls' styles put them at a disadvantage. Patterns of mutual influence can become more symmetrical in intimate male-female dyads, but the distinctive styles of the two sexes can still be seen in such dyads and are subsequently manifested in the roles and relationships of parenthood. The implications of these continuities are considered.