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      WATER AND SALT STRESSES ON GERMINATION OF COWPEA ( Vigna unguiculata cv. BRS Tumucumaque) SEEDS Translated title: ESTRESSE HÍDRICO E SALINO NA GERMINAÇÃO DE SEMENTES DE FEIJÃO-CAUPI ( Vigna unguiculata cv. BRS Tumucumaque)

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate seeds of cowpea, cultivar BRS Tumucumaque, subjected to different water stresses induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) and mannitol and different salt stresses induced by NaCl and CaCl2 solutions. The water and salt stresses was evaluated in laboratory using completely randomized experimental designs in 2x6 factorial arrangements, with six osmotic potentials (0.0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8 and -1.0 MPa) and two stress inducers for each experiment, with four replications of 50 seeds. The percentage of germination, germination speed index, root and shoot lengths and seedling fresh weight were evaluated at the tenth day (end of the evaluation period). The simulated water stress showed effects on the cowpea seed germination and seedling initial growth by decreasing the rates of the variables evaluated, which had greater effect in treatments with PEG-6000. The salt stress induced by NaCl showed greater effect on the variables evaluated than that induced by CaCl2, due to the sodium toxicity in the salt chemical composition.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento de sementes das sementes da cultivar de feijão-caupi BRS Tumucumaque sob efeito de potenciais hídricos provocados por polietileno glicol (PEG 6000) e manitol e de potenciais salinos induzidos por soluções de NaCl e CaCl2. Para verificação dos estresses hídrico e salino, avaliou-se em laboratório, a combinação de seis potenciais osmóticos (0,0; -0,2; -0,4; -0,6; -0,8 e -1,0 MPa) com os dois agentes de estresses para cada experimento, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, configurando esquema fatorial 2x6, com quatro repetições de 50 sementes. Foram avaliadas as variáveis: porcentagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG), comprimento de raiz e parte aérea e massa fresca de plântulas no décimo dia, ao final do período de avaliação. A simulação de deficiência hídrica, utilizando-se manitol e PEG 6000 permitiu a constatação dos efeitos do estresse na germinação e no crescimento inicial das plântulas da cultivar BRS Tumucumaque, pelo decréscimo das variáveis observadas, sendo que os tratamentos à base de PEG 6000 foram os mais drásticos. A indução do estresse salino pelos sais NaCl e CaCl2 foi verificada nas variáveis avaliadas, onde os efeitos do NaCl foram mais acentuados, devido a toxidade do sódio na composição química do sal.

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          Regraspara análise de sementes

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            Speed of germination-aid: In: Selection and evaluation for seedling emergence and vigour

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              Hydrogen peroxide homeostasis: activation of plant catalase by calcium/calmodulin.

              Environmental stimuli such as UV, pathogen attack, and gravity can induce rapid changes in hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) levels, leading to a variety of physiological responses in plants. Catalase, which is involved in the degradation of H(2)O(2) into water and oxygen, is the major H(2)O(2)-scavenging enzyme in all aerobic organisms. A close interaction exists between intracellular H(2)O(2) and cytosolic calcium in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Studies indicate that an increase in cytosolic calcium boosts the generation of H(2)O(2). Here we report that calmodulin (CaM), a ubiquitous calcium-binding protein, binds to and activates some plant catalases in the presence of calcium, but calcium/CaM does not have any effect on bacterial, fungal, bovine, or human catalase. These results document that calcium/CaM can down-regulate H(2)O(2) levels in plants by stimulating the catalytic activity of plant catalase. Furthermore, these results provide evidence indicating that calcium has dual functions in regulating H(2)O(2) homeostasis, which in turn influences redox signaling in response to environmental signals in plants.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rcaat
                Revista Caatinga
                Rev. Caatinga
                Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (Mossoró, RN, Brazil )
                0100-316X
                1983-2125
                December 2017
                : 30
                : 4
                : 1009-1016
                Affiliations
                [2] Alta Floresta Mato Grosso orgnameUniversidade do Estado de Mato Grosso orgdiv1Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Amazon Agroecosystens Brazil aurianeferreirahotmail.com, ricardofelitohotmail.com, admr.maltezohotmail.com, marcocarvalhounemat.br, yama@ 123456unemat.br
                Article
                S1983-21252017000401009
                10.1590/1983-21252017v30n422rc
                b8101994-a469-42fa-be6f-b58a4dfc0e1a

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 12 August 2016
                : 02 March 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 27, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                Germination speed index,Water deficit,Osmotic potential.,Índice de velocidade de germinação,Restrição hídrica,Potencial osmótico.

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