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      Definición y competencias de la inteligencia espiritual. Estudio cualitativo Translated title: Definition and competences of spiritual intelligence. Qualitative study

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          Abstract

          Resumen Este artículo se enmarca en la teoría de las Inteligencias Múltiples de Gardner (1983) que en 2012, demuestra que esta inteligencia cumple todos los criterios que determinan su incorporación al elenco de inteligencias. Esta investigación tiene como objeto definir el concepto de Inteligencia Espiritual (IES) y sus competencias mediante la revisión sistemática de la literatura existente y el análisis cualitativo de entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a informantes destacados de distintas religiones y comentes espirituales. La muestra estuvo formada por 22 adultos de distintas religiones y comentes espirituales pertenecientes en su mayoría a la Asociación para el Diálogo Interreligioso de Madrid (ADIM). Las edades de los entrevistados están comprendidas entre los 30 y los 76 años; la edad media fue de 51 años. La distribución por sexos fue de ocho mujeres y catorce hombres. La selección de los informantes se realizó atendiendo a criterios de experiencia, posición, responsabilidad, informatión, capacidad de comunicación, disponibilidad y predisposición a la entrevista. Se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada y para el análisis, el método de Análisis del Contenido, definido por Krippendorff (1990). Una vez que las entrevistas fueron transcritas y revisadas se trasladarem al programa informático de análisis cualitativo Atlas. Ti 7.0 en la fase analítica de utilizó la segmentación de los textos, codificación y agrupación en categorías. En la fase de verificación y contraste de los datos obtenidos, se realizó una doble triangulación de los mismos. En la primera, se buscaron las coincidencias y, en la segunda, se analizó la información buscando las diferencias entre las transcripciones y categorías determinadas en la revisión bibliográfica mediante la triangulación en el análisis de los textos. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto la alta confluencia de los datos recogidos y permiten definir la IES y determinar las competencias: consciencia, transcendencia, amor, perdón, libertad, dolor-sufrimiento, sentido, gratitud y efectos. Las conclusiones son importantes ya que estas competencias pueden servir de base para desarrollar un instrumento de medida de la IES.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract This study is about the 1983 Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences (Gardner, 1983), in 2012 incorporates Spiritual Intelligence (SI or SQ) and demonstrates that it meets all the criteria that define each intelligence. The purpose of this research is to define the concept of Spiritual Intelligence and its competencies, and to elaborate and validate a measurement questionnaire. The concept and the basic competencies of Spiritual Intelligence have been defined through the systematic review of existing literature and the qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews carried out with outstanding people representing different spiritualities. The sample consisted of 22 adults of different religions and spiritual currents, mostly belonging to the Association for Interreligious Dialogue of Madrid (ADIM). The ages of the interviewees are between 30 and 76 years old; the mean age was 51 years. The distribution by sex was eight women and fourteen men. The selection of the informants was made according to criteria of experience, position, responsibility, information, communication skills, availability and predisposition to the interview. The semi-structured interview was used and for the analysis, the Content Analysis method, defined by Krippendorff (1990). Once the interviews were transcribed and reviewed, they were transferred to the qualitative analysis computer program Atlas.Ti 7.0 in the analytical phase of the segmentation of the texts, coding and grouping into categories. In the phase of verification and contrast of the data obtained, a double triangulation of the same was carried out. In the first, coincidences were searched and, in the second, the information was analyzed looking for the differences between the transcripts and categories determined in the bibliographic review by means of triangulation in the analysis of the texts. The results show the high confluence of the data collected and allow to define the IES and determining their competences: consciousness, transcendence, love, forgiveness, freedom, pain-suffering, meaning, gratitude and effects. The conclusions are important because they can serve as the basis for the development of an assessment instrument for the SI.

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          Most cited references53

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          Temperament and personality.

          Recent efforts to integrate psychometric and neurobiological data about personality have stimulated diverse interdisciplinary applications. The dissociation of major brain systems linked to procedural and propositional memory and learning has clarified the clinical distinction between two components of personality: temperament and character. Temperament can be defined in terms of individual differences in percept-based habits and skills (i.e. related to procedural memory and learning), which are regulated by the amygdala, hypothalamus, striatum, and other parts of the limbic system. In contrast, character can be defined in terms of individual differences in concept-based goals and values (i.e. related to propositional memory and learning), which are encoded by the hippocampal formation and cerebral neocortex. Recent descriptive, developmental, genetic, and neurobehavioral studies indicate that at least four dimensions of temperament and three dimensions of character can be uniquely described and functionally dissociated.
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            Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligences

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              Is Spirituality an Intelligence? Motivation, Cognition, and the Psychology of Ultimate Concern

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                acp
                Acción Psicológica
                Acción psicol.
                Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1578-908X
                2255-1271
                December 2020
                : 17
                : 2
                : 83-102
                Affiliations
                [2] orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia España
                [1] orgnameESCUNI: Centro Universitario de Magisterio España
                Article
                S1578-908X2020000200083 S1578-908X(20)01700200083
                10.5944/ap.17.2.29527
                b81ab351-df4c-4fb8-b20b-6ac006f31408

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 12 October 2020
                : 24 December 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 53, Pages: 20
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Artículos de temática libre

                Qualitative Research,Competency,Spiritual Intelligence,Investigación Cualitativa,Competencia,Inteligencia Espiritual

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