Human papilloma virus: Apprehending the link with carcinogenesis and unveiling new research avenues (Review)

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Abstract

Human papilloma viruses (HPV) are a small group of non-enveloped viruses belonging to the Papillomaviridae family with strong similarities to polyoma viruses. The viral particles consist of a genome in the form of a circular double-stranded DNA, encompassing eight open reading frames, as well as a non-enveloped icosahedral capsid. HPV infection is considered the most common sexually transmitted disease in both sexes and is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of different types of cancer. ‘High-risk’ mucosal HPV types, predominantly types 16, 18, 31, 33 and 35, are associated with most cervical, penile, vulvar, vaginal, anal, oropharyngeal cancers and pre-cancers. Screening for HPV is necessary for the prognosis and for determining treatment strategies for cancer. Novel HPV markers, including proteomic and genomic markers, as well as anti-papillomavirus vaccines are currently available. The aim of this comprehensive review was to thoroughly present the updated information on virus development, cancer occurrence, treatment and prevention strategies, in an attempt to shed further light into the field, including novel research avenues.

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Most cited references 126

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Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

Theo Vos, Ryan M Barber, Brad E. Bell … (2015)

Up-to-date evidence about levels and trends in disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) is an essential input into global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013), we estimated these quantities for acute and chronic diseases and injuries for 188 countries between 1990 and 2013.

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Multiplatform analysis of 12 cancer types reveals molecular classification within and across tissues of origin.

Katherine A. Hoadley, Christina Yau, Denise M Wolf … (2014)

Recent genomic analyses of pathologically defined tumor types identify "within-a-tissue" disease subtypes. However, the extent to which genomic signatures are shared across tissues is still unclear. We performed an integrative analysis using five genome-wide platforms and one proteomic platform on 3,527 specimens from 12 cancer types, revealing a unified classification into 11 major subtypes. Five subtypes were nearly identical to their tissue-of-origin counterparts, but several distinct cancer types were found to converge into common subtypes. Lung squamous, head and neck, and a subset of bladder cancers coalesced into one subtype typified by TP53 alterations, TP63 amplifications, and high expression of immune and proliferation pathway genes. Of note, bladder cancers split into three pan-cancer subtypes. The multiplatform classification, while correlated with tissue-of-origin, provides independent information for predicting clinical outcomes. All data sets are available for data-mining from a unified resource to support further biological discoveries and insights into novel therapeutic strategies. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Worldwide prevalence and genotype distribution of cervical human papillomavirus DNA in women with normal cytology: a meta-analysis.

Silvia de Sanjosé, Mireia Díaz, Xavier Castellsagué … (2007)

We set out to estimate the age and genotype-specific prevalence of cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in women with normal cervical cytology worldwide by meta-analysis of a systematic literature review. Reports on HPV prevalence published between January, 1995, and January, 2005, were retrieved. To be included, studies required information on cervical cytology, plus detailed descriptions of study populations, methods used to collect cervical samples, and assays used for HPV DNA detection and typing. Final analyses included 78 studies that could be separated into women with normal cytology, and of which subsets of 44 and 48 studies had data on age and type-specific HPV prevalence, respectively. Overall HPV prevalence in 157 879 women with normal cervical cytology was estimated to be 10.4% (95% CI 10.2-10.7). Corresponding estimates by region were Africa 22.1% (20.9-23.4), Central America and Mexico 20.4% (19.3-21.4), northern America 11.3% (10.6-12.1), Europe 8.1% (7.8-8.4), and Asia 8.0% (7.5-8.4). In all world regions, HPV prevalence was highest in women younger than 35 years of age, decreasing in women of older age. In Africa, the Americas, and Europe, a clear second peak of HPV prevalence was observed in women aged 45 years or older. On the basis of these estimates, around 291 million women worldwide are carriers of HPV DNA, of whom 32% are infected with HPV16 or HPV18, or both. The HPV types most commonly detected are similar to those most commonly described in pre-neoplastic and cancer cases, although the relative contribution of HPV16 and HPV18 is substantially lower in cytologically normal women.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Oncol

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int. J. Oncol

Journal ID (publisher-id): IJO

Title: International Journal of Oncology

Publisher: D.A. Spandidos

ISSN (Print): 1019-6439

ISSN (Electronic): 1791-2423

Publication date Collection: March 2018

Publication date (Electronic): 29 January 2018

Publication date PMC-release: 29 January 2018

Volume: 52

Issue: 3

Pages: 637-655

Affiliations

[1 ]Dermatology Research Laboratory, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 030167 Bucharest

[2 ]Department of Dermatology, ‘Prof. N. Paulescu’ National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest

[3 ]Department of Toxicology

[4 ]Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova

[5 ]Department of Biochemistry

[6 ]Department of Physiology

[7 ]Department of Pathology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 030167 Bucharest

[8 ]Colentina University Hospital, Sector 2 19-21, Bucharest

[9 ]‘Victor Babes’ National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest

[10 ]Department of Dermatology, ‘Gr. T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi

[11 ]Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania

[12 ]Department of Urology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, University of Crete Medical School

[13 ]Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology

[14 ]Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete

[15 ]Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens

[16 ]Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece

Author notes

Correspondence to: Professor Aristides M. Tsatsakis, Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece, E-mail: tsatsaka@ 123456uoc.gr

Professor Nikolaos Drakoulis, Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece, E-mail: drakoulis@ 123456pharm.uoa.gr

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Article

Publisher ID: ijo-52-03-0637

DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4256

PMC ID: 5807043

PubMed ID: 29393378

SO-VID: b88fefe1-ba56-43b1-bb7c-0b19d8272537

License:

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

Human papilloma virus: Apprehending the link with carcinogenesis and unveiling new research avenues (Review)

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Abstract

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China Tropical Medicine

Most cited references 126

Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

Multiplatform analysis of 12 cancer types reveals molecular classification within and across tissues of origin.

Worldwide prevalence and genotype distribution of cervical human papillomavirus DNA in women with normal cytology: a meta-analysis.

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