Genomic and eco-epidemiological investigations in Uruguay reveal local Chikungunya virus transmission dynamics during its expansion across the Americas in 2023

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Abstract

Uruguay experienced its first Chikungunya virus outbreak in 2023, resulting in a significant burden to its healthcare system. We conducted analysis based on real-time genomic surveillance (30 novel whole genomes) to offer timely insights into recent local transmission dynamics and eco-epidemiological factors behind its emergence and spread in the country.

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Urbanization and geographic expansion of zoonotic arboviral diseases: mechanisms and potential strategies for prevention.

Scott C. Weaver (2013)

Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) mainly infect people via direct spillover from enzootic cycles. However, dengue, chikungunya, and yellow fever viruses have repeatedly initiated urban transmission cycles involving human amplification and peridomestic mosquito vectors to cause major epidemics. Here, I review these urban emergences and potential strategies for their prevention and control. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Return of the founder Chikungunya virus to its place of introduction into Brazil is revealed by genomic characterization of exanthematic disease cases

Zuinara Pereira Gusmão Maia, Felicidade Mota Pereira, Rodrigo Fabiano do Carmo Said … (2019)

ABSTRACT Between June 2017 and August 2018, several municipalities located in Bahia state (Brazil) reported a large increase in the number of patients presenting with febrile illness similar to that of arboviral infections. Using a combination of portable whole genome sequencing, molecular clock and epidemiological analyses, we revealed the return of the CHIKV-ECSA genotype into Bahia. Our results show local persistence of lineages in some municipalities and the re-introduction of new epidemiological strains from different Brazilian regions, highlighting a complex dynamic of transmission between epidemic seasons and sampled locations. Estimated climate-driven transmission potential of CHIKV remained at similar levels throughout the years, such that large reductions in the total number of confirmed cases suggests a slow, but gradual accumulation of herd-immunity over the 4 years of the epidemic in Bahia after its introduction in 2014. Bahia remains a reservoir of the genetic diversity of CHIKV in the Americas, and genomic surveillance strategies are essential to assist in monitoring and understanding arboviral transmission and persistence both locally and over large distances.

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Seismic Hazards Implications of Uplifted Pleistocene Coral Terraces in the Gulf of Aqaba

W Bosworth, P. Montagna, E. Pons-Branchu … (2017)

The Gulf of Aqaba transform plate boundary is a source of destructive teleseismic earthquakes. Seismicity is concentrated in the central sub-basin and decreases to both the north and south. Although principally a strike-slip plate boundary, the faulted margins of the Gulf display largely dip-slip extensional movement and accompanying footwall uplift. We have constrained rates of this uplift by measurements of elevated Pleistocene coral terraces. In particular the terrace that formed during the last interglacial (~125 ka) is found discontinuously along the length of the Gulf at elevations of 3 to 26 m. Global sea level was ~7 m higher than today at 125 ka indicating net maximum tectonic uplift of ~19 m with an average rate of ~0.015 cm/yr. Uplift has been greatest adjacent to the central sub-basin and like the seismicity decreases to the north and south. We suggest that the present pattern of a seismically active central region linked to more aseismic areas in the north and south has therefore persisted for at least the past 125 kyr. Consequently the potential for future destructive earthquakes in the central Gulf is greater than in the sub-basins to the north and south.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Analía Burgueño: Role: InvestigationsRole: Revision

Marta Giovanetti: Role: Conception and designRole: InvestigationsRole: Data AnalysisRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – OriginalRole: Revision

Vagner Fonseca: Role: Conception and designRole: InvestigationsRole: Data AnalysisRole: VisualizationRole: Revision

Noelia Morel: Role: InvestigationsRole: Revision

Mauricio Lima: Role: InvestigationsRole: Revision

Emerson Castro: Role: InvestigationsRole: Revision

Natália R. Guimarães: Role: InvestigationsRole: Revision

Victoria Bormida: Role: InvestigationsRole: Revision

Maria Noel Cortinas: Role: InvestigationsRole: Revision

Viviana Ramas: Role: InvestigationsRole: Revision

Leticia Coppola: Role: InvestigationsRole: Revision

Ana I. Bento: Role: InvestigationsRole: Revision

Leticia Franco: Role: InvestigationsRole: RevisionRole: Resources

Jairo Mendez Rico: Role: InvestigationsRole: RevisionRole: Resources

José Lourenço: Role: Conception and designRole: InvestigationsRole: Data AnalysisRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – OriginalRole: Revision

Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara: Role: Conception and designRole: InvestigationsRole: RevisionRole: Resources

Hector Chiparelli: Role: Conception and designRole: InvestigationsRole: RevisionRole: Resources

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): medRxiv

Journal ID (publisher-id): MEDRXIV

Title: medRxiv

Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Publication date (Electronic): 20 August 2023

Electronic Location Identifier: 2023.08.17.23294156

Affiliations

[1. ]Laboratorio de Virus Emergentes/reemergentes. Unidad de Virología, Departamento de Laboratorios de Salud Pública.

[2. ]Instituto Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Minas Gerais, Brazil;

[3. ]Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Development and One Health, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Italy;

[4. ]Department of Exact and Earth Sciences, University of the State of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil;

[5. ]Coordenação de Vigilância, Preparação e Resposta à Emergências e Desastres (PHE), Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde / Organização Mundial da Saúde (OPAS/OMS), Brasilia DF, Brazil;

[6. ]Laboratorio Central de Saúde Pública do Estado de Minas Gerais, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Brazil

[7. ]Laboratorio de Genómica Departamento de Laboratorios de Salud Pública, Uruguay;

[8. ]Laboratorio de Virus Respiratorios, Unidad de Virología. Departamento de Laboratorios de Salud Pública, Uruguay;

[9. ]Pandemic Prevention Initiative, The Rockefeller Foundation, Washington DC, USA;

[10. ]Infectious Hazards Management, Health Emergencies Department (PHE), Pan American Health Organization / World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO), Washington DC, USA;

[11. ]BioISI (Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa;

[12. ]Unidad de Virología, Departamento de Laboratorios de Salud Pública.

Author notes

[^]

These authors contributed equally to this work.

[* ] Corresponding: giovanetti.marta@ 123456gmail.com ; vagner.fonseca@ 123456gmail.com ; jmlourenco@ 123456fc.ul.pt ; luiz.alcantara@ 123456ioc.fiocruz.br ; hchiparelli@ 123456msp.gub.uy

Article

DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.17.23294156

PMC ID: 10462220

PubMed ID: 37646000

SO-VID: b8985f00-f5cb-4968-88e9-a5312ce2a183

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Genomic and eco-epidemiological investigations in Uruguay reveal local Chikungunya virus transmission dynamics during its expansion across the Americas in 2023

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Most cited references 7

Urbanization and geographic expansion of zoonotic arboviral diseases: mechanisms and potential strategies for prevention.

Return of the founder Chikungunya virus to its place of introduction into Brazil is revealed by genomic characterization of exanthematic disease cases

Seismic Hazards Implications of Uplifted Pleistocene Coral Terraces in the Gulf of Aqaba

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