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      OncoTargets and Therapy (submit here)

      This international, peer-reviewed Open Access journal by Dove Medical Press focuses on the pathological basis of cancers, potential targets for therapy and treatment protocols to improve the management of cancer patients. Publishing high-quality, original research on molecular aspects of cancer, including the molecular diagnosis, since 2008. Sign up for email alerts here. 50,877 Monthly downloads/views I 4.345 Impact Factor I 7.0 CiteScore I 0.81 Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP) I 0.811 Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)

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      Clinical treatment of advanced synchronous triple primary malignancies: comprehensive treatment based on targeted therapy

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          Abstract

          The prevalence of cancer remains high. With the improvement of diagnosis and treatment level and the increase of cancer survivors after treatment, multiple primary tumors are more common than before. The diagnosis and treatment of synchronous multiple primary tumors is more complicated than that of single or metachronous multiple tumors, and patients also suffer more. Because of the different conditions of these patients, lack of large-scale clinical observation data, it is necessary for clinicians to make realistic decisions on the specific conditions of patients. It is a challenge for clinicians to apply the advances of modern medicine to the diagnosis and treatment of such patients so as to prolong their survival time and improve their quality of life. This report describes the survival of an advanced elderly patient with lung, prostate and bladder cancer after receiving targeted therapy-based comprehensive treatment.

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          Cancer statistics, trends, and multiple primary cancer analyses from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program.

          Matthew J Hayat, Nadia Howlader, Marsha Reichman … (2007)
          An overview of cancer statistics and trends for selected cancers and all sites combined are given based on data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. Median age at diagnosis for all sites combined shows a 2-year increase from 1974 through 1978 to 1999 through 2003. Changes in cancer incidence rates from 1975 through 2003 are summarized by annual percent change for time periods determined by joinpoint regression analysis. After initial stability (1975-1979), incidence rates in women for all cancer sites combined increased from 1979 through 2003, although the rate of increase has recently slowed. For men, initial increases in all cancer sites combined (1975-1992) are followed by decreasing incidence rates (1992-1995) and stable trends from 1995 through 2003. Female thyroid cancer shows continued increasing incidence rates from 1981 through 2003. Blacks have the highest incidence and mortality rates for men and women for all cancer sites combined. Based on 2001 through 2003 data, the likelihood of developing cancer during one's lifetime is approximately one in two for men and one in three for women. Five-year relative survival for all stages combined (1996-2002) ranges from 16% for lung to 100% for prostate cancer patients. Cancer survival varies by stage of disease and race, with lower survival in blacks compared with whites. The risk of developing subsequent multiple primary cancers varies from 1% for an initial liver primary diagnosis to 16% for initial bladder cancer primaries. The impact on the future U.S. cancer burden is estimated based on the growing and aging U.S. population. The number of new cancer patients is expected to more than double from 1.36 million in 2000 to almost 3.0 million in 2050.
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            Multiple primary tumours: challenges and approaches, a review

            Alexia Vogt, Sabine Schmid, Karl Heinimann … (2017)
            When in a patient more than one tumour in the same or a different organ is diagnosed, multiple primary tumours may be present. For epidemiological studies, different definitions of multiple primaries are used with the two main definitions coming from the project Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results and the International Association of Cancer Registries and International Agency for Research on Cancer. The differences in the two definitions have to be taken into consideration when reports on multiple primaries are analysed. In this review, the literature on multiple primaries is reviewed and summarised. Overall, the frequency of multiple primaries is reported in the range of 2–17%. Aetiological factors that may predispose patients to multiple primaries can be grouped into host related, lifestyle factors and environmental influences. Some of the most common cancer predisposition syndromes based on a clinical presentation are discussed and the relevant genetic evaluation and testing are characterised. Importantly, from a clinical standpoint, clinical situations when multiple primaries should be suspected and ruled out in a patient are discussed. Furthermore, general principles and possible treatment strategies for patients with synchronous and metachronous multiple primary tumours are highlighted.
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              Second primary cancer risk - the impact of applying different definitions of multiple primaries: results from a retrospective population-based cancer registry study

              Aishah Coyte, David Morrison, Philip McLoone (2014)
              Background There is evidence that cancer survivors are at increased risk of second primary cancers. Changes in the prevalence of risk factors and diagnostic techniques may have affected more recent risks. Methods We examined the incidence of second primary cancer among adults in the West of Scotland, UK, diagnosed with cancer between 2000 and 2004 (n = 57,393). We used National Cancer Institute Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results and International Agency for Research on Cancer definitions of multiple primary cancers and estimated indirectly standardised incidence ratios (SIR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results There was a high incidence of cancer during the first 60 days following diagnosis (SIR = 2.36, 95% CI = 2.12 to 2.63). When this period was excluded the risk was not raised, but it was high for some patient groups; in particular women aged <50 years with breast cancer (SIR = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.58 to 2.78), patients with bladder (SIR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.19 to 1.67) and head & neck (SIR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.67 to 2.21) cancer. Head & neck cancer patients had increased risks of lung cancer (SIR = 3.75, 95% CI = 3.01 to 4.62), oesophageal (SIR = 4.62, 95% CI = 2.73 to 7.29) and other head & neck tumours (SIR = 6.10, 95% CI = 4.17 to 8.61). Patients with bladder cancer had raised risks of lung (SIR = 2.18, 95% CI = 1.62 to 2.88) and prostate (SIR = 2.41, 95% CI = 1.72 to 3.30) cancer. Conclusions Relative risks of second primary cancers may be smaller than previously reported. Premenopausal women with breast cancer and patients with malignant melanomas, bladder and head & neck cancers may benefit from increased surveillance and advice to avoid known risk factors.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Onco Targets Ther
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Onco Targets Ther
                Journal ID (publisher-id): OTT
                Journal ID (pmc): ott
                Title: OncoTargets and therapy
                Publisher: Dove
                ISSN (Electronic): 1178-6930
                Publication date (Electronic): 02 April 2019
                Publication date Collection: 2019
                Volume: 12
                Pages: 2421-2430
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Internal Medicine, Municipal Hospital , Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Shuangmei LiuDepartment of Internal Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital , 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +861 768 555 2026Email shuangmei2008@ 123456126.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: 200625
                DOI: 10.2147/OTT.S200625
                PMC ID: 6498978
                SO-VID: b8c66751-a953-4fb5-bfb6-87e1ce6d76dd
                Copyright © © 2019 Zhang et al.
                License:

                This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms ( https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).

                History
                Date received : 07 January 2019
                Date accepted : 06 March 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 7, Tables: 1, References: 46, Pages: 10
                Categories
                Subject: Case Report

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy
                Keywords: advanced synchronous triple primary malignancies
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy
                Keywords: advanced synchronous triple primary malignancies

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