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      ERS International Congress, Madrid, 2019: highlights from the Sleep and Clinical Physiology Assembly

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          Abstract

          The 2019 European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress took place in Madrid, Spain, and served as a platform to find out the latest advances in respiratory diseases research. The research aims are to understand the physiology and consequences of those diseases, as well as the improvement in their diagnoses, treatments and patient care. In particular, the scientific sessions arranged by ERS Assembly 4 provided novel insights into sleep-disordered breathing and new knowledge in respiratory physiology. This article, divided by session, will summarise the most relevant studies presented at the ERS International Congress. Each section has been written by Early Career Members specialising in the different fields of this interdisciplinary assembly.

          Abstract

          A selection of the best sessions from @ERS_assembly4 at the 2019 #ERSCongress by Early Career @EuroRespSoc members https://bit.ly/3g30X6W

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          Most cited references96

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          CPAP for Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

          R Doug McEvoy, Nick A Antic, Emma Heeley … (2016)
          Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events; whether treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) prevents major cardiovascular events is uncertain.
          Article 0 comments Cited 517 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Overweight, obesity, and incident asthma: a meta-analysis of prospective epidemiologic studies.

            David Beuther, E Sutherland (2007)
            Although obesity has been implicated as an asthma risk factor, there is heterogeneity in the published literature regarding its role in asthma incidence, particularly in men. To quantify the relationship between categories of body mass index (BMI) and incident asthma in adults and to evaluate the impact of sex on this relationship. Online bibliographic databases were searched for prospective studies evaluating BMI and incident asthma in adults. Independent observers extracted data regarding annualized asthma incidence from studies meeting predetermined criteria, within defined categories of normal weight (BMI or= 30). Data were analyzed by inverse-variance-weighted, random-effects meta-analysis. Stratified analysis between BMI categories and within sex was performed. Seven studies (n=333,102 subjects) met inclusion criteria. Compared with normal weight, overweight and obesity (BMI >or= 25) conferred increased odds of incident asthma, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.51 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27-1.80). A dose-response effect of elevated BMI on asthma incidence was observed; the OR for incident asthma for normal-weight versus overweight subjects was 1.38 (95% CI, 1.17-1.62) and was further elevated for normal weight versus obesity (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.43-2.59; p<0.0001 for the trend). A similar increase in the OR of incident asthma due to overweight and obesity was observed in men (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.05-2.02) and women (OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.45-1.94; p=0.232 for the comparison). Overweight and obesity are associated with a dose-dependent increase in the odds of incident asthma in men and women, suggesting asthma incidence could be reduced by interventions targeting overweight and obesity.
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              Effects of non-invasive ventilation on survival and quality of life in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a randomised controlled trial.

              Stephen C Bourke, Mark Tomlinson, Tim L Williams … (2006)
              Few patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis currently receive non-invasive ventilation (NIV), reflecting clinical uncertainty about the role of this intervention. We aimed to assess the effect of NIV on quality of life and survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in a randomised controlled trial. 92 of 102 eligible patients participated. They were assessed every 2 months and randomly assigned to NIV (n=22) or standard care (n=19) when they developed either orthopnoea with maximum inspiratory pressure less than 60% of that predicted or symptomatic hypercapnia. Primary validated quality-of-life outcome measures were the short form 36 mental component summary (MCS) and the sleep apnoea quality-of-life index symptoms domain (sym). Both time maintained above 75% of baseline (T(i)MCS and T(i)sym) and mean improvement (microMCS and microsym) were measured. NIV improved T(i)MCS, T(i)sym, microMCS, microsym, and survival in all patients and in the subgroup with better bulbar function (n=20). This subgroup showed improvement in several measures of quality of life and a median survival benefit of 205 days (p=0.006) with maintained quality of life for most of this period. NIV improved some quality-of-life indices in those with poor bulbar function, including microsym (p=0.018), but conferred no survival benefit. In patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis without severe bulbar dysfunction, NIV improves survival with maintenance of, and improvement in, quality of life. The survival benefit from NIV in this group is much greater than that from currently available neuroprotective therapy. In patients with severe bulbar impairment, NIV improves sleep-related symptoms, but is unlikely to confer a large survival advantage.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): ERJ Open Res
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): ERJ Open Res
                Journal ID (publisher-id): ERJOR
                Journal ID (hwp): erjor
                Title: ERJ Open Research
                Publisher: European Respiratory Society
                ISSN (Electronic): 2312-0541
                Publication date Collection: April 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): 20 July 2020
                Volume: 6
                Issue: 2
                Electronic Location Identifier: 00373-2019
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Multidisciplinary Sleep Unit, Dept of Pulmonology, Rio Hortega University Hospital, Valladolid, Spain
                [2 ]Biomedical Engineering Group, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
                [3 ]HP2 Laboratory, INSERM U1042, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
                [4 ]FCR Laboratory, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
                [5 ]Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
                [6 ]Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias CIBERES, Madrid, Spain
                [7 ]Dept of Pulmonology and Sleep Disorders Centre, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
                [8 ]Institute for Pulmonary Rehabilitation Research, Schoen Klinik Berchtesgadener Land, Schoenau am Koenigssee, Germany
                [9 ]Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Respiratory Rehabilitation, Department Rehabilitation Sciences KU Leuven, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
                [10 ]Laboratory of Clinical Exercise Physiology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
                [11 ]Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
                [12 ]All authors contributed equally to this work
                Author notes
                Andrea Crespo, Multidisciplinary Sleep Unit, Dept of Pulmonary Medicine, Rio Hortega University Hospital, Dulzaina 2, 47012, Valladolid, Spain. E-mail: acrespos@ 123456saludcastillayleon.es
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2709-5797
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2348-6918
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0868-1096
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1998-9379
                Article
                Publisher ID: 00373-2019
                DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00373-2019
                PMC ID: 7369446
                SO-VID: b8eb0579-ca16-4aa2-97f4-d1c04debc720
                Copyright © Copyright ©ERS 2020
                License:

                This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licence 4.0.

                History
                Date received : 28 December 2019
                Date accepted : 13 May 2020
                Categories
                Subject: Congress Highlights
                Subject: 5

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