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      Comparison of Mesoderm-lnducing Activity with Monomeric and Dimeric Inhibin Alpha and Beta-A Subunits on Xenopus Ectoderm

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          Abstract

          Activin possesses mesoderm-inducing activity, erythroid-differentiating activity, and follicle-stimulating hormone-releasing activity. The chemical structures of the activin molecule are formed by a combination of two β-subunit peptides of inhibin. Inhibin is a dimer consisting of an α and β subunit. To examine the mesoderm-inducing activity of these substances, we tested several configurations including : (1) two types of α-subunit peptide; (2) two types of inhibin A and B dimer; (3) β<sub>A</sub>-subunit peptide monomer; (4) three types of activins A, AB and B, and (5) follistatin (activin-binding protein) by the animal cap assay using Xenopus laevis ectoderm, and by the erythroid-differentiating factor (EDF) test. Activins, which are composed of dimeric inhibin β<sub>A</sub>-or β<sub>B</sub>-subunit peptides, had the highest mesoderm-inducing and EDF activities. The monomeric βA-subunit peptide exhibited mesoderm-inducing and EDF activities that were much lower than activin A. The inhibitory effect of follistatin on mesodermal induction by the β<sub>A</sub>-subunit peptide was also lower than that of activin. Both inhibins A and B had very weak mesoderm-inducing activity and no EDF activity. The two types of inhibin α-subunit monomer had little mesoderm-inducing activity and no EDF activity. The mesoderm induction caused by activin A was not suppressed by the addition of the α-subunit monomer and inhibin. The mesoderm-inducing activity in relation to the chemical structures of the monomeric and/or dimeric inhibin α and β<sub>A </sub>subunits is discussed.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          HRE
          10.1159/issn.0018-5051
          Hormone Research in Paediatrics
          S. Karger AG
          978-3-8055-6169-3
          978-3-318-01750-2
          0018-5051
          2571-6603
          1995
          1995
          05 December 2008
          : 44
          : Suppl 2
          : 15-22
          Affiliations
          aDepartment of Biology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama; bDepartment of Biology, University of Tokyo, and cInstitute for Enzyme Research, University of Tokushima, Japan
          Article
          184656 Horm Res 1995;44:15–22
          10.1159/000184656
          b92cab6c-3e7c-4d83-8e43-09b40df0ab40
          © 1995 S. Karger AG, Basel

          Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

          History
          Page count
          Pages: 8
          Categories
          Endocrine Regulation of Early Embryonic Development and Implantation

          Endocrinology & Diabetes,Neurology,Nutrition & Dietetics,Sexual medicine,Internal medicine,Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
          Activin,Inhibin, α and β subunits,Mesodermal induction

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