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      Diversos nomes para o cansaço: categorias emergentes e sua relação com o mundo do trabalho Translated title: Several names for tiredness: emergent categories and their relationship with the world of work Translated title: Diversos nombres para el cansancio: categorías emergentes y su relación con el mundo del trabajo

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          Abstract

          Este artigo tem como objetivo explorar, do ponto de vista sociocultural, a emergência de duas entidades clínicas entre 1970 e 1980 que, no campo da clínica geral e dos saberes psi, nomeiam quadros centrados no sintoma da fadiga: a síndrome da fadiga crônica (CID-10 G93.3) e o burnout (CID-10 Z73.0). Pretendemos, após uma breve apresentação de ambas, analisar o surgimento dessas categorias, para indicar o cansaço e a exaustão como sintomas a serem tratados medicamente e explorar os pontos de aproximação e afastamento entre elas.

          Translated abstract

          The objective of this article was, from a sociocultural perspective, to explore the emergence of two clinical entities between 1970 and 1980, which, in the fields of general clinical medicine and psycho-knowledge, give names to conditions centered on the symptom of fatigue: chronic fatigue syndrome (ICD-10 G93.3) and burnout (ICD-10 Z73.0). We intend, after a brief presentation of both of these, to analyze the emergence of these two categories, to acknowledge fatigue and exhaustion as symptoms to be medically treated, and to explore similarities and differences between them.

          Translated abstract

          El objetivo de este artículo es explorar, desde el punto de vista sociocultural, la emergencia de dos entidades clínicas entre 1970 y 1980 que, en el campo de la clínica general y de los saberes psi, dan nombre a cuadros centrados en el síntoma de la fatiga: el síndrome de la fatiga crónica (CID-10 G93.3) y el burnout (CID-10 Z73.0). Pretendemos, después de una breve presentación de ambas, analizar el surgimiento de esas categorías, para indicar el cansancio y el agotamiento como síntomas que hay que tratar médicamente y explorar los puntos de aproximación y de separación entre ellas.

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          Job burnout.

          Burnout is a prolonged response to chronic emotional and interpersonal stressors on the job, and is defined by the three dimensions of exhaustion, cynicism, and inefficacy. The past 25 years of research has established the complexity of the construct, and places the individual stress experience within a larger organizational context of people's relation to their work. Recently, the work on burnout has expanded internationally and has led to new conceptual models. The focus on engagement, the positive antithesis of burnout, promises to yield new perspectives on interventions to alleviate burnout. The social focus of burnout, the solid research basis concerning the syndrome, and its specific ties to the work domain make a distinct and valuable contribution to people's health and well-being.
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            Burnout prevention: a review of intervention programs.

            To evaluate the effectiveness of intervention programs at the workplace or elsewhere aimed at preventing burnout, a leading cause of work related mental health impairment. A systematic search of burnout intervention studies was conducted in the databases Medline, PsycINFO and PSYNDEX from 1995 to 2007. Data was also extracted from papers found through a hand search. A total of 25 primary intervention studies were reviewed. Seventeen (68%) were person-directed interventions, 2 (8%) were organization-directed and 6 (24%) were a combination of both interventions types. Eighty percent of all programs led to a reduction in burnout. Person-directed interventions reduced burnout in the short term (6 months or less), while a combination of both person- and organization-directed interventions had longer lasting positive effects (12 months and over). In all cases, positive intervention effects diminished in the course of time. Intervention programs against burnout are beneficial and can be enhanced with refresher courses. Better implemented programs including both person- and organization-directed measures should be offered and evaluated. A combination of both intervention types should be further investigated, optimized and practiced. Institutions should recognize the need for and make burnout intervention programs available to employees. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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              Illnesses you have to fight to get: facts as forces in uncertain, emergent illnesses.

              Chronic fatigue syndrome and multiple chemical sensitivity are two clusters of illnesses that are pervaded by medical, social and political uncertainty. This article examines how facts are talked about and experienced in struggles over these emergent, contested illnesses in the US. Based principally on a large archive of internet newsgroup postings, and also on fieldwork and on published debates, it finds that (1) sufferers describe their experiences of being denied healthcare and legitimacy through bureaucratic categories of exclusion as dependent upon their lack of biological facts; (2) institutions manage these exclusions rhetorically through exploiting the open-endedness of science to deny efficacy to new facts; (3) collective patient action responds by archiving the systematic nature of these exclusions and developing counter-tactics. The result is the maintenance of these very expensive struggles for all involved.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                icse
                Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação
                Interface (Botucatu)
                UNESP (Botucatu )
                1807-5762
                March 2016
                : 20
                : 56
                : 77-88
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                Article
                S1414-32832016000100077
                10.1590/1807-57622015.0240
                b9bc4d21-ca9d-4eaf-8439-e498a79dd417

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Public Health

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1414-3283&lng=en
                Categories
                Education & Educational Research
                Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

                Educational research & Statistics,Public health
                Fatigue,Chronic fatigue syndrome,Burnout professional,Work,Medical sociology,Fatiga,Síndrome de la fatiga crónica,Agotamiento profesional,Trabajo,Sociología médica,Fadiga,Síndrome da fadiga crônica,Esgotamento profissional,Trabalho,Sociologia médica

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