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      Enfermedades ocupacionales en minería en el Perú, 2011-2020 Translated title: Occupational diseases in mining in Peru, 2011-2020

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN. Introducción: La minería es una ocupación antigua caracterizada como ardua y susceptible a lesiones y/o enfermedades ocupacionales. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de enfermedades ocupacionales en minería en el Perú, 2011-2020. Material y Métodos: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, de análisis secundario de datos. Se analizaron las enfermedades ocupacionales en minería en el Perú, obtenido a través de la página web del Ministerio de Energía y Minas (http://www.minem.gob.pe/_estadistica.php?idSector=1&idEstadistica=10187), durante el 2011 a 2020. Las variables analizadas fueron: Enfermedades ocupacionales en minería, según el sexo, edad y tipo de agente causal. Se realizó la cuantificación estadística mediante el paquete estadístico SPSS v. 21 a través de tablas y figuras de frecuencias y porcentajes. Resultados: Las enfermedades ocupacionales en minería en el Perú acumularon un total de 37899 casos en los diez años evaluados, de ellos la hipoacusia fue la más frecuente representando el 90.74% (n=35891), seguido de la neumoconiosis 4.94% (n=1875) y la intoxicación con mercurio 0.03% (n=12). El sexo más afectado fue el masculino (99.4%), en comparación al femenino (0.6%), se encontró una mayor frecuencia de enfermedades ocupacionales causadas por agentes físicos 38 181 (95,09%), seguido por los agentes químicos 1954 (4,87%) y biológicos 15 (0,04%). Conclusión: Se reportaron en total 37899 enfermedades ocupacionales causadas por la actividad minera en el Perú, de los cuales la hipoacusia, neumoconiosis y la intoxicación por mercurio fueron los más frecuentes. Además, el sexo más afectado fue el masculino y los agentes físicos causaron más enfermedades ocupaciones en comparación a los agentes químicos y biológicos.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: Mining is an ancient occupation characterized as arduous and susceptible to occupational injuries and / or diseases. Objective: To determine the prevalence of occupational diseases in mining in Peru, 2011-2020. Material and Methods: Observational, retrospective study of secondary data analysis. Occupational diseases in mining in Peru were analyzed, obtained through the website of the Ministry of Energy and Mines (http://www.minem.gob.pe/_estadistica.php?idSector=1&idEstadistica=10187), during the 2011 to 2020. The variables analyzed were: Occupational diseases in mining, according to sex, age and type of causal agent. Statistical quantification was performed using the SPSS v. 21 through tables and figures of frequencies and percentages. Results: Occupational diseases in mining in Peru accumulated a total of 37899 cases in the ten years evaluated, of which hearing loss was the most frequent representing 90.74% (n = 35891), followed by pneumoconiosis 4.94% (n = 1875 ) and mercury poisoning 0.03% (n = 12). The most affected sex was male (99.4%), compared to female (0.6%), a higher frequency of occupational diseases caused by physical agents was found 38 181 (95.09%), followed by chemical agents 1954 (4, 87%) and biological 15 (0.04%). Conclusion: A total of 37,899 occupational diseases caused by mining activity were reported in Peru, of which hearing loss, pneumoconiosis and mercury poisoning were the most frequent. Furthermore, the sex most affected was male and physical agents caused more occupational diseases compared to chemical and biological agents.

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          Coal workers' pneumoconiosis and progressive massive fibrosis are increasingly more prevalent among workers in small underground coal mines in the United States.

          To determine whether the prevalence of coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) or progressive massive fibrosis (PMF) among United States underground miners is associated with mine size. We examined chest radiographs from 1970 to 2009 of working miners who participated in the National Coal Workers Health Surveillance Program for the presence of small and large opacities consistent with pneumoconiosis, based upon the International Labour Organization classification system. A total of 145 512 miners contributed 240 067 radiographs for analysis. From the 1990s to the 2000s, the prevalence of radiographic CWP increased among miners in mines of all sizes, while miners working in mines with fewer than 50 employees had a significantly higher prevalence of CWP compared to miners who worked in mines with 50 or more employees (p<0.0001). When adjusted for age and within-miner correlation, the difference in prevalence of CWP by mine size was significant for all decades. Since 1999, miners from small mines were five times more likely to have radiographic evidence of PMF (1.0% of miners) compared to miners from larger mines (0.2% of miners) with a prevalence ratio of 5.0 and 95% CI 3.3 to 7.5. The prevalence of CWP among United States coal miners is increasing in mines of all sizes, while CWP and PMF are much more prevalent among workers from underground mines with fewer than 50 workers.
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            Prevalence of noise induced hearing loss among employees at a mining industry in Zimbabwe

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              Impact of Covid-19 on the Mining Sector and Raw Materials Security in Selected European Countries

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                medtra
                Revista de la Asociación Española de Especialistas en Medicina del Trabajo
                Rev Asoc Esp Espec Med Trab
                Asociación Española de Especialistas en Medicina del Trabajo (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1132-6255
                2022
                : 31
                : 3
                : 275-282
                Affiliations
                [3] Lima Lima orgnameUniversidad Nacional Federico Villarreal orgdiv1Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina Villarrealinos (SOCEMVI) Peru
                [2] Huancayo Estado de México orgnameUniversidad Continental orgdiv1Escuela de Medicina Mexico
                [1] Huancayo Junín orgnameUniversidad Peruana Los Andes orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Humana orgdiv2Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina Los Andes (SOCIEMLA) Peru
                Article
                S1132-62552022000300004 S1132-6255(22)03100300004
                b9c341bc-3402-4391-9089-cdd5448414f4

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 12 January 2022
                : 04 September 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 20, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Textos Originales

                epidemiology,Peru,minería,enfermedades ocupacionales,epidemiologia,Perú,mining,Occupational diseases

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