49
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Dependência de drogas Translated title: La dépendance de drogues Translated title: Drug dependence

      research-article

      Read this article at

      SciELO
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          O texto discute três teorias atuais de dependência de drogas: a Teoria Comportamental da dependência como escolha de Heyman, a Teoria da Sensibilização do incentivo de Robinson e Berridge, e a Teoria Neurobiológica da dependência como escolha, de Kalivas. Todas concordam em caracterizar a dependência como resultante de processos de aprendizagem em que droga e estímulos associados a seus efeitos adquirem controle potente sobre o comportamento. Diferenciam-se quanto aos processos de aprendizagem envolvidos. A Teoria Comportamental enfatiza componentes operantes e sustenta que o consumo repetido de drogas diminui o valor reforçador de atividades concorrentes. A Teoria da Sensibilização enfatiza componentes respondentes, propondo a dependência como resultado da sensibilização da potência eliciadora de estímulos condicionados aos efeitos da droga. A Teoria Neurobiológica integra as duas primeiras, descrevendo as mudanças no circuito do reforço que acontecem no processo de dependência.

          Translated abstract

          Cet article analyse trois théories courantes au sujet de la dépendance de drogues: la Théorie Comportementale de dépendance comme choix de Heyman, la Théorie de Sensibilization de l´incentive de Robinson et Berridge, et la Théorie Neurobiologique de dépendance comme choix de Kalivas. Tous conviennent en définissant la dépendance comme phénomène résultant d´un procès d´apprentissage par lequel la drogue et les stimuli associés a ses effets acquièrent un contrôle puissant sur le comportement mais divergent quant aux apprentissages spécifiques qui expliquent la dépendance. La Théorie Comportementale souligne le composant operant, soutenant que l'ingestion répétée d'une drogue réduit la valeur de renforcement des activités concourantes. La Théorie de Sensibilization accorde la priorité au composant répondant, avançant que la dépendance résulte de la sensibilisation de la puissance des stimuli associés à l'effet de la drogue. La Théorie Neurobiologique de la dépendance comme choix intègre les autres deux, en décrivant les changements qui se produisent dans le circuit de renforcement pendant que la dépendance se développe.

          Translated abstract

          This paper analyses three current theories about drug dependence: Heyman´s Behavioral Theory of dependence as choice, Robinson and Berridge´s incentive-Sensitization Theory, and Kalivas´ Neurobiological Theory of dependence as choice. All of them agree in defining dependence as a phenomenon resulting from learning processes in which drug and associated stimuli acquire powerful control over behavior. The three theories diverge as to the specific learning processes that could explain dependence. The Behavioral Theory emphasizes the operant component, sustaining that repeated ingestion of a drug reduces the reinforcing value of concurrent activities. Incentive-sensitization theory gives priority to the respondent component, advancing that dependence results from sensitization of the eliciting power of stimuli associated to the drug effect. The Neurobiological Theory integrates the former two by describing the changes that occur in the reinforcement circuit as dependence develops.

          Related collections

          Most cited references53

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          Relative and absolute strength of response as a function of frequency of reinforcement.

            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            B. F. Skinner's Science and Human Behavior: its antecedents and its consequences.

            A Catania (2003)
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Dopamine neurons and their role in reward mechanisms.

              Information related to rewards is processed by a limited number of brain structures. Recent studies have demonstrated that dopamine neurons respond to appetitive events, such as primary rewards and reward-predicting stimuli. Rather than responding unconditionally, these neurons signal deviations from the prediction of future appetitive events. These reward-related responses correspond formally to concepts of behavioral and computational learning theories and may thus constitute teaching signals for appetitive learning.

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                pusp
                Psicologia USP
                Psicol. USP
                Instituto de Psicologia da Universidade de São Paulo (São Paulo )
                1678-5177
                2006
                : 17
                : 4
                : 213-240
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                Article
                S0103-65642006000400012
                10.1590/S0103-65642006000400012
                b9e441c6-6288-4c6e-945f-5dcadf36341a

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0103-6564&lng=en
                Categories
                PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Dépendance de drogues,Comportement de choix,Sensibilization,Incentive,Drug dependency,Choice behavior,Sensitization,Incentives,Droga (dependência),Comportamento de escolha,Sensibilização,Incentivos

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                Related Documents Log