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      Fluid flows and forces in development: functions, features and biophysical principles.

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          Abstract

          Throughout morphogenesis, cells experience intracellular tensile and contractile forces on microscopic scales. Cells also experience extracellular forces, such as static forces mediated by the extracellular matrix and forces resulting from microscopic fluid flow. Although the biological ramifications of static forces have received much attention, little is known about the roles of fluid flows and forces during embryogenesis. Here, we focus on the microfluidic forces generated by cilia-driven fluid flow and heart-driven hemodynamics, as well as on the signaling pathways involved in flow sensing. We discuss recent studies that describe the functions and the biomechanical features of these fluid flows. These insights suggest that biological flow determines many aspects of cell behavior and identity through a specific set of physical stimuli and signaling pathways.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Development
          Development (Cambridge, England)
          The Company of Biologists
          1477-9129
          0950-1991
          Apr 2012
          : 139
          : 7
          Affiliations
          [1 ] University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
          Article
          139/7/1229
          10.1242/dev.073593
          3294433
          22395739
          b9f9028b-e406-4743-8c8f-2409bff9f5ce
          History

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