5
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Prospective associations of age at complementary feeding and exclusive breastfeeding duration with body mass index at 5–6 years within different risk groups

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Summary

          Background

          Children with overweight or obesity are at risk for developing obesity in adulthood. Certain maternal characteristics, such as ethnicity, education, body mass index (BMI) or neighbourhood, are determinants for childhood overweight risk. There are large variations in how mothers differing in these characteristics feed their infants. Therefore, associations of age at complementary feeding, exclusive breast feeding duration with childhood overweight may differ in these groups. Understanding these associations would be essential to develop overweight prevention strategies.

          Objectives

          The objective of this study is to study the associations of age at complementary feeding, exclusive breastfeeding duration with BMI‐standard deviation score (SDS) at 5–6 years within risk groups.

          Methods

          Using data from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study, a population‐based birth cohort ( n = 4495), we formed groups of children at varying risk of overweight according to maternal characteristics of ethnicity, education, pre‐pregnancy BMI and neighbourhood. Linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted.

          Results

          Complementary feeding after 5 months of age was associated with lower BMI‐SDS in children of mothers of Dutch ethnicity (B: −0.12; 95% CI: −0.21, −0.04), medium‐level education (−0.19; −0.30, −0.08), normal BMI (−0.08; −0.16, −0.01) and high‐risk neighbourhood (−0.16; −0.29, −0.02). Compared with exclusive breastfeeding for <3 months, exclusive breastfeeding for ≥6 months was associated with lower BMI‐SDS in groups of medium‐level education (−0.28; 0.44, −0.11), normal BMI (−0.18; −0.29, −0.08) and medium‐risk (−0.18; −0.33, −0.04) and high‐risk (−0.22; −0.42, −0.02) neighbourhoods.

          Conclusions

          Associations between infant feeding practices and childhood BMI may differ between risk groups, implying that overweight prevention strategies should be group‐specific.

          Related collections

          Most cited references20

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          The utility of 'country of birth' for the classification of ethnic groups in health research: the Dutch experience.

          The relationship between ethnicity and health is attracting increasing attention in international health research. Different measures are used to operationalise the concept of ethnicity. Presently, self-definition of ethnicity seems to gain favour. In contrast, in the Netherlands, the use of country of birth criteria have been widely accepted as a basis for the identification of ethnic groups. In this paper, we will discuss its advantages as well as its limitations and the solutions to these limitations from the Dutch perspective with a special focus on survey studies. The country of birth indicator has the advantage of being objective and stable, allowing for comparisons over time and between studies. Inclusion of parental country of birth provides an additional advantage for identifying the second-generation ethnic groups. The main criticisms of this indicator seem to refer to its validity. The basis for this criticism is, firstly, the argument that people who are born in the same country might have a different ethnic background. In the Dutch context, this limitation can be addressed by the employment of additional indicators such as geographical origin, language, and self-identified ethnic group. Secondly, the country of birth classification has been criticised for not covering all dimensions of ethnicity, such as culture and ethnic identity. We demonstrate in this paper how this criticism can be addressed by the use of additional indicators. In conclusion, in the Dutch context, country of birth can be considered a useful indicator for ethnicity if complemented with additional indicators to, first, compensate for the drawbacks in certain conditions, and second, shed light on the mechanisms underlying the association between ethnicity and health.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Timing of solid food introduction and risk of obesity in preschool-aged children.

            To examine the association between timing of introduction of solid foods during infancy and obesity at 3 years of age. We studied 847 children in Project Viva, a prospective pre-birth cohort study. The primary outcome was obesity at 3 years of age (BMI for age and gender ≥ 95th percentile). The primary exposure was the timing of introduction of solid foods, categorized as <4, 4 to 5, and ≥ 6 months. We ran separate logistic regression models for infants who were breastfed for at least 4 months ("breastfed") and infants who were never breastfed or stopped breastfeeding before the age of four months ("formula-fed"), adjusting for child and maternal characteristics, which included change in weight-for-age z score from 0 to 4 months-a marker of early infant growth. In the first 4 months of life, 568 infants (67%) were breastfed and 279 (32%) were formula-fed. At age 3 years, 75 children (9%) were obese. Among breastfed infants, the timing of solid food introduction was not associated with odds of obesity (odds ratio: 1.1 [95% confidence interval: 0.3-4.4]). Among formula-fed infants, introduction of solid foods before 4 months was associated with a sixfold increase in odds of obesity at age 3 years; the association was not explained by rapid early growth (odds ratio after adjustment: 6.3 [95% confidence interval: 2.3-6.9]). Among formula-fed infants or infants weaned before the age of 4 months, introduction of solid foods before the age of 4 months was associated with increased odds of obesity at age 3 years.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Timing of the introduction of complementary feeding and risk of childhood obesity: a systematic review.

              The World Health Organisation recommends exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age and continued breastfeeding until 2 years of age or beyond. Appropriate complementary foods should be introduced in a timely fashion, beginning when the infant is 6 months old. In developing countries, early or inappropriate complementary feeding may lead to malnutrition and poor growth, but in countries such as the United Kingdom and United States of America, where obesity is a greater public health concern than malnutrition, the relationship to growth is unclear. We conducted a systematic review of the literature that investigated the relationship between the timing of the introduction of complementary feeding and overweight or obesity during childhood. Electronic databases were searched from inception until 30 September 2012 using specified keywords. Following the application of strict inclusion/exclusion criteria, 23 studies were identified and reviewed by two independent reviewers. Data were extracted and aspects of quality were assessed using an adapted Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Twenty-one of the studies considered the relationship between the time at which complementary foods were introduced and childhood body mass index (BMI), of which five found that introducing complementary foods at 6 months, may increase the risk of childhood overweight.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                o.e.sirkka@vu.nl
                Journal
                Pediatr Obes
                Pediatr Obes
                10.1111/(ISSN)2047-6310
                IJPO
                Pediatric Obesity
                John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                2047-6302
                2047-6310
                25 April 2018
                August 2018
                : 13
                : 8 , Maternal‐Infant Nutritional Factors and Risk for Early Obesity Development ( doiID: 10.1111/ijpo.v13.8 )
                : 522-529
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands
                [ 2 ] Danone Nutricia Research Utrecht The Netherlands
                [ 3 ] Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Address for correspondence: O Sirkka, MSc, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

                E‐mail: o.e.sirkka@ 123456vu.nl

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0326-5306
                Article
                IJPO12289 IJPO-2018-0040.R1
                10.1111/ijpo.12289
                6099412
                29695025
                ba115e00-e54a-4f6f-910f-bef7be2bb91d
                © 2018 The Authors. Pediatric Obesity published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of World Obesity Federation

                This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

                History
                : 23 June 2017
                : 16 March 2018
                : 21 March 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 3, Pages: 8, Words: 3174
                Categories
                Original Research
                Original Research
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                ijpo12289
                August 2018
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_NLMPMC version:version=5.4.4 mode:remove_FC converted:20.08.2018

                breastfeeding,bmi,childhood overweight,complementary feeding,weaning

                Comments

                Comment on this article