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      Anomalías dentales en personas con discapacidad Translated title: Dental Anomalies in People with Disabilities

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: Durante la odontogénesis se pueden producir malformaciones congénitas que afectan la forma, el número, el tamaño, la estructura, la posición, el color y la erupción de los dientes. En las personas con discapacidades como parálisis cerebral, trastorno del desarrollo intelectual, síndrome de Down y trastorno del espectro autista, pueden presentarse variedad de anomalías dentales. Objetivo: Describir las anomalías dentales en las condiciones de discapacidad de parálisis cerebral, trastorno del desarrollo intelectual, síndrome de Down y trastorno del espectro autista. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos Clinical Key, Medline, Dialnet y SciELO. Se aplicó la lista de comprobación PRISMA. Análisis e integración de la información: Posterior al proceso de lectura y análisis de la información, se recuperaron 800 artículos de las bases de datos, se eliminaron 590 por encontrarse repetidos. Luego de la discriminación, quedaron para revisar 210, a estos restantes se hizo la revisión de texto completo. Se eliminaron 193 no hacían referencia a anomalías dentales y/o a los trastornos o síndromes. De los 17 restantes, solo 15 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Conclusiones: No se encontraron diferencias para afirmar que algunas de las anomalías y alteraciones presentadas correspondan de manera individual a cada tipo de discapacidad. Sin embargo, el síndrome de Down presenta anomalías dentales relacionadas al estado del paciente. La parálisis cerebral reporta otros hallazgos como bruxismo, debido al deficiente desarrollo muscular, lo que afecta la cavidad bucal y sus estructuras.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: During odontogenesis, congenital malformations can occur that affect teeth shape, number, size, structure, position, color and eruption. In people with disabilities such as cerebral palsy, intellectual development disorder, Down syndrome, and autism spectrum disorder, a variety of dental abnormalities can occur. Objective: To describe dental anomalies in such disability conditions as cerebral palsy, intellectual development disorder, Down syndrome and autism spectrum disorder. Methods: A bibliographic search was performed in the databases Clinical Key, Medline, Dialnet and SciELO. The PRISMA checklist was applied. Information analysis and integration: After reading and analyzing the information, 800 articles were retrieved from the databases, of which 590 were deleted because they were repeated. After the discrimination, 210 were pending to review; the remaining ones were reviewed full-text. 193 were deleted because they did not do any reference to dental anomalies and/or disorders or syndromes. Of the remaining 17, only 15 met the inclusion criteria. Conclusions: No differences were found to affirm that some of the anomalies and alterations presented correspond individually to each type of disability. However, Down syndrome has dental abnormalities related to patient condition. Cerebral palsy coincides with other findings such as bruxism, due to poor muscle development, which affects the oral cavity and its structures.

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          Most cited references19

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          Dental anomalies: prevalence and associations between them in a large sample of non-orthodontic subjects, a cross-sectional study

          Background To analyze the prevalence and associations between dental anomalies detectable on panoramic radiographs in a sample of non-orthodontic growing subjects. Methods For this cross-sectional study, digital panoramic radiographs of 5005 subjects were initially screened from a single radiographic center in Rome. Inclusion criteria were: subjects who were aged 8–12 years, Caucasian, and had good diagnostic quality radiographs. Syndromic subjects, those with craniofacial malformation, or orthodontic patients were excluded and this led to a sample of 4706 subjects [mean (SD) age = 9.6 (1.2) years, 2366 males and 2340 females]. Sample was subsequently divided into four subgroups (8, 9, 10, and 11–12 year-old groups). Two operators examined panoramic radiographs to observe the presence of common dental anomalies. The prevalence and associations between dental anomalies were also investigated. Results The overall prevalence of dental anomalies was 20.9%. Approximately, 17.9% showed only one anomaly, 2.7% two anomalies, while only 0.3% had more than two anomalies. The most frequent anomalies were the displacement of maxillary canine (7.5%), hypodontia (7.1%), impacted teeth (3.9%), tooth ankylosis (2.8%), and tooth transposition (1.4%). The lower right second premolar was the most frequent missing teeth; 3.7% had only one tooth agenesis, and 0.08% had six or more missing tooth (Oligodontia). Mesiodens was the most common type of supernumerary tooth (0.66%). Two subjects had taurodontic tooth (0.04%). Tooth transpositions and displacement of maxillary canine were seen in 1.4 and 7.5%, retrospectively (approximately 69 and 58% were in the 8 and 9 year-old groups, retrospectively). Significant associations were detected between the different dental anomalies (P < .05). Conclusions The results of our study revealed significant associations among different dental anomalies and provide further evidences to support common etiological factors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12903-017-0352-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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            Prevalence of dental anomalies on panoramic radiographs in a population of the state of Pará, Brazil

            Dental anomalies (DAs) are the result of disorders that are able to modify the shape, number, size, and structure of teeth. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of DAs using panoramic radiographs in a population of the City of Belém, northern Brazil.
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              Autismo infantil, manejo en la Especialidad de Odontología.

                Author and article information

                Journal
                est
                Revista Cubana de Estomatología
                Rev Cubana Estomatol
                Editorial Ciencias Médicas (Ciudad de La Habana, , Cuba )
                0034-7507
                1561-297X
                September 2020
                : 57
                : 3
                : e3060
                Affiliations
                [1] Barranquilla orgnameUniversidad Metropolitana Colombia
                Article
                S0034-75072020000300010 S0034-7507(20)05700300010
                ba20b39c-14ee-493c-939e-3822adcaac09

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 30 March 2020
                : 19 September 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 19, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Cuba


                trastorno del espectro autista,intellectual disability,síndrome de Down,discapacidad intelectual,autist spectrum disorder,trastornos de adaptación,congenital anomalies,anomalías congénitas,Down syndrome,adaptation disorders

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