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      Development of Dichelops melacanthus and its egg parasitoid Telenomus podisi reared on Bt-soybean MON 87701 x MON 89788 and its near conventional isoline under different temperatures

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          Abstract

          Dichelops melacanthus was studied under controlled conditions (60 ± 10% RH and 14/10 h L/D photoperiod), and three constant temperatures (19, 25, and 31 ± 2 °C). Fresh pods of MON 87701 × MON 89788 soybeans and its near non-Bt isoline (A5547) were supplied to nymphs and adults. The biology of T. podisi was studied in the same controlled RH conditions, but only at the standard temperature of 25 ± 2 °C. Overall, the development of D. melacanthus was better at higher temperatures, which accelerated the development of the stink bug without affecting adult biological parameters. No influence of Bt-soybeans on the biology of the pest was observed in any temperature studied, which shows that D. melacanthus is not affected by this transgenic soybean. The egg parasitoid T. podisi also was not harmed when it parasitized eggs of the pest fed with MON 87701 × MON 89788 soybeans, with similar results to those obtained in non-Bt isogenic soybeans. Thus, this study demonstrates that D. melacanthus is favored at high temperatures (31 ± 2 °C), and that neither did MON 87701 × MON 89788 soybean pods affect the development of the pest nor its parasitoid T. podisi.

          Translated abstract

          Dichelops melacanthus foi avaliado em condições con troladas (60 ± 10% UR e fotoperíodo de 14/10 h L/E) em três temperaturas constantes (19, 25, e 31 ± 2 °C). Vagens frescas da soja MON 87701 x MON 89788 e de sua isolinha não-Bt (A5547) foram oferecidas a ninfas e adul tos. A biologia de T. podisi foi estudada nessas mesmas condições controladas de UR, mas apenas na temperatura padrão de 25 ± 2 °C. Em geral, o desenvolvimento de D. mela canthus foi melhor nas temperaturas mais altas, as quais aceleraram o desenvolvimento do percevejo, mas sem afetar os parâmetros biológicos da fase adulta. Não houve influência da soja-Bt na biologia da praga em nenhuma das temperaturas estudadas, o que mostra que D. melacanthus não é afetado pela soja transgênica. O parasitoide de ovos T. podisi também não foi impactado quando parasitou ovos da praga alimentada com soja MON 87701 x MON 89788, com resultados semelhantes àqueles obtidos na soja isogênica não-Bt. Portanto, este estudo comprova que D. melacanthus é favorecido por temperaturas mais altas (31 ± 2 °C), e que soja-Bt MON 87701 x MON 89788 não afeta o desenvolvimento desta praga assim como de seu parasitoide T. podisi.

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          Widespread adoption of Bt cotton and insecticide decrease promotes biocontrol services.

          Over the past 16 years, vast plantings of transgenic crops producing insecticidal proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have helped to control several major insect pests and reduce the need for insecticide sprays. Because broad-spectrum insecticides kill arthropod natural enemies that provide biological control of pests, the decrease in use of insecticide sprays associated with Bt crops could enhance biocontrol services. However, this hypothesis has not been tested in terms of long-term landscape-level impacts. On the basis of data from 1990 to 2010 at 36 sites in six provinces of northern China, we show here a marked increase in abundance of three types of generalist arthropod predators (ladybirds, lacewings and spiders) and a decreased abundance of aphid pests associated with widespread adoption of Bt cotton and reduced insecticide sprays in this crop. We also found evidence that the predators might provide additional biocontrol services spilling over from Bt cotton fields onto neighbouring crops (maize, peanut and soybean). Our work extends results from general studies evaluating ecological effects of Bt crops by demonstrating that such crops can promote biocontrol services in agricultural landscapes.
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            Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations

            (2013)
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              Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                aabc
                Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
                An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.
                Academia Brasileira de Ciências
                1678-2690
                June 2016
                : 88
                : 2
                : 1023-1034
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal do Paraná Brazil
                [2 ] Embrapa Soja Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná Brazil
                [4 ] Universidade Estadual de Londrina Brazil
                [5 ] Instituto Agronômico do Paraná Brazil
                Article
                S0001-37652016000301023
                10.1590/0001-3765201620150257
                ba253261-3f42-4af7-927a-e28155881e39

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0001-3765&lng=en
                Categories
                MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

                parasitoide de ovos,aquecimento glo bal,inimigo natural,organismos não-alvos,soja trans gênica,egg parasitoids,global warming,natural enemy,non-target organisms

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