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      Landscape structure affects distribution of potential disease vectors (Diptera: Culicidae)

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          Abstract

          Background

          Vector-pathogen dynamics are controlled by fluctuations of potential vector communities, such as the Culicidae. Assessment of mosquito community diversity and, in particular, identification of environmental parameters shaping these communities is therefore of key importance for the design of adequate surveillance approaches. In this study, we assess effects of climatic parameters and habitat structure on mosquito communities in eastern Austria to deliver these highly relevant baseline data.

          Methods

          Female mosquitoes were sampled twice a month from April to October 2014 and 2015 at 35 permanent and 23 non-permanent trapping sites using carbon dioxide-baited traps. Differences in spatial and seasonal abundance patterns of Culicidae taxa were identified using likelihood ratio tests; possible effects of environmental parameters on seasonal and spatial mosquito distribution were analysed using multivariate statistical methods. We assessed community responses to environmental parameters based on 14-day-average values that affect ontogenesis.

          Results

          Altogether 29,734 female mosquitoes were collected, and 21 of 42 native as well as two of four non-native mosquito species were reconfirmed in eastern Austria. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences in mosquito abundance between sampling years and provinces. Incidence and abundance patterns were found to be linked to 14-day mean sunshine duration, humidity, water–level maxima and the amount of precipitation. However, land cover classes were found to be the most important factor, effectively assigning both indigenous and non-native mosquito species to various communities, which responded differentially to environmental variables.

          Conclusions

          These findings thus underline the significance of non-climatic variables for future mosquito prediction models and the necessity to consider these in mosquito surveillance programmes.

          Electronic supplementary material

          The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2140-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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          Most cited references70

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          Measuring Biological Diversity

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            Numerical Ecology

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              Integrating biophysical models and evolutionary theory to predict climatic impacts on species’ ranges: the dengue mosquitoAedes aegyptiin Australia

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                carina.zittra@vetmeduni.ac.at
                simon.vitecek@univie.ac.at
                adelheid.obwaller@bmlvs.gv.at
                Heidemarie-rossiter@aon.at
                Barbara.eigner@vetmeduni.ac.at
                thomas.zechmeister@bgld.gv.at
                Johann.waringer@univie.ac.at
                hans-peter.fuehrer@vetmeduni.ac.at
                Journal
                Parasit Vectors
                Parasit Vectors
                Parasites & Vectors
                BioMed Central (London )
                1756-3305
                26 April 2017
                26 April 2017
                2017
                : 10
                : 205
                Affiliations
                [1 ]ISNI 0000 0000 9686 6466, GRID grid.6583.8, Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, , University of Veterinary Medicine, ; Vienna, Austria
                [2 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2286 1424, GRID grid.10420.37, Department of Limnology and Bio-Oceanography, , University of Vienna, ; Vienna, Austria
                [3 ]ISNI 0000 0001 0945 1607, GRID grid.465909.7, , Federal Ministry of Defence and Sports, Division of Science, Research and Development, ; Vienna, Austria
                [4 ]Donaustraße 73, 3421 Höflein/Donau, Austria
                [5 ]Biological Station Lake Neusiedl, Burgenland, Austria
                Article
                2140
                10.1186/s13071-017-2140-6
                5405510
                28441957
                ba307c1c-f492-4137-80df-98c4c887e2a0
                © The Author(s). 2017

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                : 17 November 2016
                : 14 April 2017
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002428, Austrian Science Fund;
                Award ID: I-1437
                Award Recipient :
                Categories
                Research
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2017

                Parasitology
                culicidae,mosquito communities,canonical correspondence analysis,autecology,species distribution patterns,seasonality,non-metric multidimensional scaling

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