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      Annual Occurrence of Calanus sinicus Carcasses in the Jiaozhou Bay and the Adjacent Waters

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          Abstract

          The dead proportion of a calanoid copepod Calanus sinicus population was investigated monthly with neutral red staining method at 12 stations in the Jiaozhou Bay and the adjacent waters from December 2008 to November 2009. C. sinicus could be observed through the whole year, with an evident numerical peak from February to April and an extremely low abundance in summer. Annual variation of the dead proportion differed greatly between adult females and copepodites. Dead females were observed only in the southern part and outside the bay sporadically in five months, when the egg production was the most active. Dead proportion of females was usually less than 5%. Dead copepodites could be observed in all but three months in summer in the whole study area, and the proportion varied between 3.8% – 18.2%. Death percentage of copepodites increased significantly in the northern part in January and June, when water temperature exceeded it’s favorable limits; however, the fluctuated salinity had no significant effect on the survival of both females and copepodites. Thus the dead proportion of C. sinicus was relatively low in the Jiaozhou Bay, while difference could be observed between females and copepodites. Dead copepodites were common in all samples, but dead females were presented mainly as ‘reproduction cost’ during generation alternation.

          Author and article information

          Journal
          JOUC
          Journal of Ocean University of China
          Science Press and Springer (China )
          1672-5182
          02 September 2020
          01 October 2020
          : 19
          : 5
          : 1163-1168
          Affiliations
          [1] 1Jiaozhou Bay Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
          [2] 2Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
          [3] 3Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
          [4] 4University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
          [5] 5Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
          Author notes
          *Corresponding author: ZHANG Guangtao, E-mail: gtzhang@ 123456qdio.ac.cn

          # The two authors contributed equally to this study.

          Article
          s11802-020-4379-3
          10.1007/s11802-020-4379-3
          ba753fe1-1226-4dca-9e91-bbb8f1eb680c
          Copyright © Ocean University of China, Science Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2020.

          The copyright to this article, including any graphic elements therein (e.g. illustrations, charts, moving images), is hereby assigned for good and valuable consideration to the editorial office of Journal of Ocean University of China, Science Press and Springer effective if and when the article is accepted for publication and to the extent assignable if assignability is restricted for by applicable law or regulations (e.g. for U.S. government or crown employees).

          History
          : 04 November 2019
          : 06 January 2020
          : 28 April 2020

          Earth & Environmental sciences,Geology & Mineralogy,Oceanography & Hydrology,Aquaculture & Fisheries,Ecology,Animal science & Zoology
          Calanus sinicus ,Jiaozhou Bay,population dynamics,dead proportion,natural mortality

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