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      Prospective study of the link between overweight/obesity and diabetes incidence among Mexican older adults: 2001-2012 Translated title: Estudio prospectivo de la asociación entre sobrepeso/obesidad e incidencia de diabetes en adultos mayores en México: 2001 -2012

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          Abstract

          Objective. To prospectively assess the relationship between overweight/obesity and incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Mexicans aged 50+, assessing effects of age, genetic predisposition, education, physical activity, and place of residence. Materials and methods. The Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS) was used to prospectively follow respondents free of diabetes in 2001 who became diabetic by 2012. Multivariate random effects logistic regression was used to assess covariates effects on the incidence of T2DM. Results. Obese or overweight individuals at baseline (2001) were about 3 and 2 times, respectively, significantly more likely to become diabetic by 2012. Genetic predisposition increases the risk of diabetes by about three times compared to those with no family history of diabetes. Conclusion. Overweight/obesity and genetic predisposition are the primary drivers of diabetes incidence among Mexican older adults. Reducing body weight and having access to health care may amel iorate the disease burden of T2DM.

          Translated abstract

          Objetivo. Cuantificar prospectivamente la relación entre sobrepeso/obesidad e incidencia de diabetes entre mexicanos mayores de 50 años mediante la medición de los efectos de la edad, predisposición genética, educación, actividad física y lugar de residencia. Material y métodos. Se utilizó el Estudio Nacional de Salud y Envejecimiento en México (Enasem) para seguir a adultos mayores sin diabetes en 2001 y que se convirtieron en diabéticos en 2012. Se utilizó el modelo de regresión logística de efectos aleatorios para cuantificar el efecto de covariables en la incidencia de diabetes. Resultados. Quienes tenían obesidad y sobrepeso en 2001 fueron 3 y 2 veces más propensos a adquirir diabetes en 2012, respectivamente. La predisposición genética aumentó tres veces el riesgo de padecer diabetes en comparación con aquéllos sin historia familiar de diabetes. Conclusiones. Sobrepeso, obesidad y predisposición genética son causantes de diabetes en adultos mayores mexicanos. Reducción de peso y acceso a atención de salud podrían reducir las consecuencias que tiene la diabetes.

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          Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry. Report of a WHO Expert Committee.

          Anthropometry provides the single most portable, universally applicable, inexpensive and non-invasive technique for assessing the size, proportions, and composition of the human body. It reflects both health and nutritional status and predicts performance, health, and survival. As such, it is a valuable, but currently underused, tool for guiding public health policy and clinical decisions. This report presents the conclusions and comprehensive recommendations of a WHO Expert Committee for the present and future uses and interpretation of anthropometry. In a section that sets the technical framework for the report, the significance of anthropometric indicators and indices is explained and the principles of applied biostatistics and epidemiology that underlie their various uses are discussed. Subsequent sections provide detailed guidance on the use and interpretation of anthropometric measurements in pregnant and lactating women, newborn infants, infants and children, adolescents, overweight and thin adults, and adults aged 60 years and over. With a similar format for each section, the report assesses specific applications of anthropometry in individuals and populations for purposes of screening and for targeting and evaluating interventions. Advice on data management and analysis is offered, and methods of taking particular measurements are described. Each section also includes a discussion of the extent, reliability and universal relevance of existing reference data. An extensive series of reference data recommended by the Expert Committee and not widely distributed by WHO hitherto is included in an annex.
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            Physical Status: the Use and Interpretation of Anthropometry. Report of a WHO Expert Committee

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              Nutrition transition in Mexico and in other Latin American countries.

              Mexico and other Latin American countries are currently undergoing important demographic, epidemiologic and nutrition transitions. Noncommunicable chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and high blood pressure are becoming public health problems as the population experiences an important reduction in physical activity and an increase in energy-dense diets. In contrast, the prevalence of undernutrition is declining in most countries, although several decades will be needed before the prevalence drops to acceptable values. The objective of this article is to discuss the characteristics of the nutrition transition with emphasis in data from Mexico, Brazil, and Chile.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                spm
                Salud Pública de México
                Salud pública Méx
                Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (Cuernavaca )
                0036-3634
                2015
                : 57
                : suppl 1
                : s15-s21
                Affiliations
                [1 ] University of Wisconsin-Madison Estados Unidos de América
                Article
                S0036-36342015000700004
                badddfc3-43f8-40fd-9cab-460502a91f78

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Public Health

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0036-3634&lng=en
                Categories
                Health Policy & Services

                Public health
                diabetes mellitus,obesity,overweight,health of the elderly,adult health,Mexico,obesidad,sobrepeso,salud de la persona mayor,salud del adulto,México

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