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      Effect of Non-Thermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma (NTP) and Zirconia Primer Treatment on Shear Bond Strength between Y-TZP and Resin Cement

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          Abstract

          The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTP) treatment on the sandblasting of mechanical method and zirconia primer of chemical method used to increase the bond strength between zirconia and resin cement. In this study, Y-TZP was divided into 4 groups according to the surface treatment methods as follows: Zirconia primer (Pr), NTP + Zirconia primer (NTP + Pr), Sandblasting + Zirconia primer (Sb + Pr), Sandblasting + NTP + Zirconia primer (Sb + NTP + Pr). Then, two types of resin cement (G-CEM LinkAce and Rely X-U200) were used to measure the shear bond strength (SBS) and they were divided into non-thermal cycling group and thermal cycling group for aging effect. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test. The result of the surface energy (SE), there was no significant difference among the groups ( p > 0.05). As a result of the SBS test, the Sb + Pr group had a significantly higher SBS value than the other groups regardless of the resin cement type ( p < 0.05), and the decrease rate after thermal cycling treatment was the lowest. On the other hand, the NTP + Pr group showed significantly lower SBS values than the other groups except for the case of using Rely X-U200 ( p < 0.05), and the reduction rate after thermal cycling was the highest. The Sb + NTP + Pr group did not differ significantly from the Pr group ( p > 0.05). Within the limitations of two successive studies, treatment with NTP after sandblasting used for mechanical bond strength showed a positive effect on initial SBS. However, when NTP was treated before the zirconia primer used for the chemical bond strength, it showed a negative effect on SBS compared to other treatment methods, which was noticeable after the thermal cycling treatment.

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          Nonthermal plasma--A tool for decontamination and disinfection.

          By definition, the nonthermal plasma (NTP) is partially ionized gas where the energy is stored mostly in the free electrons and the overall temperature remains low. NTP is widely used for many years in various applications such as low-temperature plasma chemistry, removal of gaseous pollutants, in gas-discharge lamps or surface modification. However, during the last ten years, NTP usage expanded to new biological areas of application like plasma microorganisms' inactivation, ready-to-eat food preparation, biofilm degradation or in healthcare, where it seems to be important for the treatment of cancer cells and in the initiation of apoptosis, prion inactivation, prevention of nosocomial infections or in the therapy of infected wounds. These areas are presented and documented in this paper as a review of representative publications.
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            A review of dental CAD/CAM: current status and future perspectives from 20 years of experience

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Materials (Basel)
                Materials (Basel)
                materials
                Materials
                MDPI
                1996-1944
                05 September 2020
                September 2020
                : 13
                : 18
                : 3934
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; tarov0414@ 123456hanmail.net (J.-J.A.); modesthanks@ 123456gmail.com (D.-S.K.); 0228dmqls@ 123456hanmail.net (E.-B.B.); cmjeong@ 123456pusan.ac.kr (C.-M.J.); neoplasia96@ 123456hanmail.net (J.-B.H.)
                [2 ]Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; ki91000m@ 123456pusan.ac.kr
                [3 ]Research & Development Center, FEAGLE Corporation, Yangsan 50614, Korea
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: romilove767@ 123456naver.com ; Tel.: +82-55-360-5226; Fax: +82-55-360-5134
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9524-3835
                Article
                materials-13-03934
                10.3390/ma13183934
                7559763
                32899546
                bae359a7-1dae-440b-b847-9d191f3d90cc
                © 2020 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 14 August 2020
                : 03 September 2020
                Categories
                Article

                non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (ntp),yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal,surface treatment,zirconia primer,sandblasting,dentistry,bonding

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