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      Avaliação das estruturas secretoras de Ocimum gratissimum var. macrophyllum Briq. (Lamiaceae) após extração dos constituintes voláteis Translated title: Evaluation of secretory structures of Ocimum gratissimum var. macrophyllum Briq. (Lamiaceae) after extraction of volatile compounds

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          Abstract

          O impacto provocado nas estruturas secretoras de folhas adultas de Ocimum gratissimum var. macrophyllum após extração dos componentes voláteis utilizando-se diferentes métodos de extração foi investigado através de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Secções transversais do ápice, da nervura central, e da margem mostraram superfície com cutícula estriada, estômatos diacíticos, tricomas tectores simples, filiformes, e glandulares peltados. Os peltados, com estrutura envolta por uma cutícula contendo o exsudado celular, variaram de 60 a 80µm de diâmetro sendo formados por uma porção apical multicelular com disposição radial formada por dois círculos concêntricos com 9 a 16 células. Na região central do ápice do tricoma peltado se identificou a presença de 4 células em forma de vértice dispostas sobre o pedúnculo, sendo esta a região mais externa formada por número variável de células. Os componentes voláteis das folhas adultas foram extraídos por hidrodestilação (HD), destilação-extração simultânea (DES), e solvente (SO). Os dados obtidos evidenciaram que o maior impacto nas estruturas secretoras ocorreu após extração por hidrodestilação quando comparado aos outros métodos utilizados. A porcentagem dos principais constituintes químicos, timol e γ-terpineno variaram de acordo com o método de extração: timol (HD = 25,4%, SO = 18,2%, DES = 54,8%) e γ-terpineno (HD = 38,2%, SO = ausente, DES = 13,7%).

          Translated abstract

          The impact on the secretory structures of mature leaves of Ocimum gratissimum var. macrophyllum, after extraction of the volatile compounds using different extraction methods, was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cross-sections of the apex, the midrib and the margin showed surface with striated cuticle, diacitic stomata, single tector, filiform and glandular peltate trichomes. The peltate trichomes with a structure surrounded by cuticle containing the celllular exudate ranged from 60 to 80µm in diameter and consisted of a multicellular apical portion of radial arrangement formed by two concentric circles with 9 to 16 cells. In the central region of the peltate trichome apex, there were 4 cells in the form of a vertex arranged on the peduncle, and this was the most external region formed by a variable number of cells. The volatile compounds of the mature leaves were extracted by hydrodistillation (HD), simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE) and solvent (SO). The obtained data evidenced that the major impact on the secretory structures occurred after extraction by hydrodistillation, compared to the other used methods. The percentage of the major chemical constituents, thymol and γ-terpinene, changed according the extraction method: (HD = 25.4%, SO = 18.2%, SDE = 54.8%) and γ-terpinene (HD = 38.2%, SO = absent, SDE = 13.7%).

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          Most cited references41

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          Plant microtechnique

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            Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy.

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              Secretory tissues in plants

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbpm
                Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais
                Rev. bras. plantas med.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais (Botucatu, SP, Brazil )
                1516-0572
                1983-084X
                2013
                : 15
                : 2
                : 237-243
                Affiliations
                [01] Belém PA orgnameMuseu Paraense Emilio Goeldi orgdiv1Departamento de Botânica
                [02] Belém PA orgnameMuseu Paraense Emilio Goeldi orgdiv1Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura
                Article
                S1516-05722013000200011 S1516-0572(13)01500200011
                10.1590/S1516-05722013000200011
                baf4c7b7-799e-4f52-b46b-bc67577452f4

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 31 October 2012
                : 20 August 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                Lamiaceae,Ocimum gratissimum var. macrophyllum,medicinal plants,anatomical analysis,plantas medicinais,análise anatômica

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