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      The Impact of Covid-19 on Journalism: A Set of Transformations in Five Domains Translated title: O Impacto da Covid-19 no Jornalismo: Um Conjunto de Transformações em Cinco Domínios

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          Abstract

          Abstract: The covid-19 outbreak is a highly disruptive event in our society. Its consequences have affected different social domains. Our objective is to analyse its impact on journalism in a panoramic and comprehensive way. We intend to identify the main alterations and changes that the outbreak of the coronavirus has caused. The methodology is based on the qualitative analysis of secondary data, taking the case of Spain during the first period of the pandemic as a reference. The results allow the identification of positive and negative effects in five areas: news consumption, business models, working conditions, disinformation, and relations with political actors. These findings reveal that covid-19 has had a considerable impact on journalism. This incidence is ambivalent as it has positive and negative effects that affect different aspects of this domain. The main positive consequences are increased news consumption and the promotion of new formats and information products, such as infographics or newsletters. On the other hand, the weakening of business models due to the reduction of advertising revenues, the deterioration of journalists’ working conditions, the reinforcement of political control mechanisms over the media, and the increase of disinformation are the main negative effects.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo: O surto da covid-19 é um acontecimento altamente perturbador na nossa sociedade e as suas consequências têm afetado diferentes domínios sociais. O nosso objetivo é analisar o seu impacto no jornalismo de uma forma multidisciplinar e abrangente. Pretendemos identificar as principais alterações e mudanças que o surto do coronavírus provocou. A metodologia baseia-se na técnica da análise qualitativa de dados secundários, tendo como referência o caso da Espanha durante o primeiro período da pandemia. Os resultados permitem a identificação de efeitos positivos e negativos em cinco áreas: consumo de notícias, modelos de negócio, condições de trabalho, desinformação e relações com os atores políticos. Estas descobertas revelam que o covid-19 tem tido um impacto considerável no jornalismo. Esta incidência é ambivalente, pois tem efeitos tanto positivos como negativos que afectam diferentes aspectos deste domínio. O aumento do consumo de notícias e a promoção de novos formatos e produtos informativos, tais como infografias ou boletins informativos, são as principais consequências positivas. Por outro lado, o enfraquecimento dos modelos de negócio devido à redução das receitas publicitárias, a deterioração das condições de trabalho dos jornalistas, o reforço dos mecanismos de controlo político sobre os meios de comunicação, e o aumento da desinformação são os principais efeitos negativos.

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          Most cited references48

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          The spread of true and false news online

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            Science audiences, misinformation, and fake news

            Concerns about public misinformation in the United States—ranging from politics to science—are growing. Here, we provide an overview of how and why citizens become (and sometimes remain) misinformed about science. Our discussion focuses specifically on misinformation among individual citizens. However, it is impossible to understand individual information processing and acceptance without taking into account social networks, information ecologies, and other macro-level variables that provide important social context. Specifically, we show how being misinformed is a function of a person’s ability and motivation to spot falsehoods, but also of other group-level and societal factors that increase the chances of citizens to be exposed to correct(ive) information. We conclude by discussing a number of research areas—some of which echo themes of the 2017 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s Communicating Science Effectively report—that will be particularly important for our future understanding of misinformation, specifically a systems approach to the problem of misinformation, the need for more systematic analyses of science communication in new media environments, and a (re)focusing on traditionally underserved audiences.
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              The disinformation order: Disruptive communication and the decline of democratic institutions

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                csoc
                Comunicação e Sociedade
                Comunicação e Sociedade
                Centro de Estudos de Comunicação e Sociedade - Universidade do Minho (Braga, , Portugal )
                1645-2089
                2183-3575
                December 2021
                : 40
                : 53-69
                Affiliations
                [1] Castelló Valencia orgnameUniversitat Jaume I orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales orgdiv2Departamento de Ciencias de la Comunicación Spain
                Article
                S2183-35752021000200053 S2183-3575(21)04000000053
                10.17231/comsoc.40(2021).3283
                bb150174-08de-4a52-9483-4ef69ba16064

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 48, Pages: 17
                Product

                SciELO Portugal

                Categories
                Thematic Articles

                modelos de negócio,media,jornalismo,coronavírus,covid-19,business models,journalism,coronavirus

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