3
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      New ST623 of Cryptococcus neoformans isolated from a patient with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in the Brazilian Amazon

      case-report

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background

          Cryptococcosis is a disease of wide geographic distribution. It is most critical when it affects immunocompromised patients, with AIDS, tuberculosis or other diseases that require prolonged hospitalization.

          Methods

          This study described a case report, molecular epidemiology, the phylogenetic relationship, along with antifungal susceptibility test of a new ST 623 of C. neoformans isolated in a patient with non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, from Manaus, Brazil.

          Results

          The new C. neoformans was susceptible to all antifungal drugs tested. Our results showed that ST623 new clone has no evident evolutionary proximity to any other ST of the VNI subtype group identified in Brazil.

          Conclusions

          In the context of phylogenetic analysis, this new genotype belongs to VNI subtype, and subsequencing complete genome studies are necessary to better understand the phylogenetic relationships amongst STs in this group.

          Related collections

          Most cited references10

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: found
          Is Open Access

          Risk Factors for Invasive Cryptococcus neoformans Diseases: A Case-Control Study

          Background Cryptococcus neoformans is a ubiquitous environmental fungus that can cause life-threatening meningitis and fungemia, often in the presence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), liver cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, or other medical conditions. To distinguish risk factors from comorbidities, we performed a hospital-based, density-sampled, matched case-control study. Methods All new-onset cryptococcal meningitis cases and cryptococcemia cases at a university hospital in Taiwan from 2002–2010 were retrospectively identified from the computerized inpatient registry and were included in this study. Controls were selected from those hospitalized patients not experiencing cryptococcal meningitis or cryptococcemia. Controls and cases were matched by admission date, age, and gender. Conditional logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors. Results A total of 101 patients with cryptococcal meningitis (266 controls) and 47 patients with cryptococcemia (188 controls), of whom 32 patients had both cryptococcal meningitis and cryptococcemia, were included in this study. Multivariate regression analysis showed that AIDS (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 181.4; p < 0.001), decompensated liver cirrhosis (aOR = 8.5; p = 0.008), and cell-mediated immunity (CMI)-suppressive regimens without calcineurin inhibitors (CAs) (aOR = 15.9; p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for cryptococcal meningitis. Moreover, AIDS (aOR = 216.3, p < 0.001), decompensated liver cirrhosis (aOR = 23.8; p < 0.001), CMI-suppressive regimens without CAs (aOR = 7.3; p = 0.034), and autoimmune diseases (aOR = 9.3; p = 0.038) were independent risk factors for developing cryptococcemia. On the other hand, diabetes mellitus and other medical conditions were not found to be risk factors for cryptococcal meningitis or cryptococcemia. Conclusions The findings confirm AIDS, decompensated liver cirrhosis, CMI-suppressive regimens without CAs, and autoimmune diseases are risk factors for invasive C. neoformans diseases.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: found
            Is Open Access

            The status of cryptococcosis in Latin America

            Cryptococcosis is a life-threatening fungal infection caused by the encapsulated yeasts Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii, acquired from the environment. In Latin America, as occurring worldwide, C. neoformans causes more than 90% of the cases of cryptococcosis, affecting predominantly patients with HIV, while C. gattii generally affects otherwise healthy individuals. In this region, cryptococcal meningitis is the most common presentation, with amphotericin B and fluconazole being the antifungal drugs of choice. Avian droppings are the predominant environmental reservoir of C. neoformans, while C. gattii is associated with several arboreal species. Importantly, C. gattii has a high prevalence in Latin America and has been proposed to be the likely origin of some C. gattii populations in North America. Thus, in the recent years, significant progress has been made with the study of the basic biology and laboratory identification of cryptococcal strains, in understanding their ecology, population genetics, host-pathogen interactions, and the clinical epidemiology of this important mycosis in Latin America.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: found
              Is Open Access

              Genetic Pattern and Demographic History of Salminus brasiliensis : Population Expansion in the Pantanal Region during the Pleistocene

              Pleistocene climate changes were major historical events that impacted South American biodiversity. Although the effects of such changes are well-documented for several biomes, it is poorly known how these climate shifts affected the biodiversity of the Pantanal floodplain. Fish are one of the most diverse groups in the Pantanal floodplains and can be taken as a suitable biological model for reconstructing paleoenvironmental scenarios. To identify the effects of Pleistocene climate changes on Pantanal’s ichthyofauna, we used genetic data from multiple populations of a top-predator long-distance migratory fish, Salminus brasiliensis. We specifically investigated whether Pleistocene climate changes affected the demography of this species. If this was the case, we expected to find changes in population size over time. Thus, we assessed the genetic diversity of S. brasiliensis to trace the demographic history of nine populations from the Upper Paraguay basin, which includes the Pantanal floodplain, that form a single genetic group, employing approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) to test five scenarios: constant population, old expansion, old decline, old bottleneck following by recent expansion, and old expansion following by recent decline. Based on two mitochondrial DNA markers, our inferences from ABC analysis, the results of Bayesian skyline plot, the implications of star-like networks, and the patterns of genetic diversity (high haplotype diversity and low-to-moderate nucleotide diversity) indicated a sudden population expansion. ABC allowed us to make strong quantitative inferences about the demographic history of S. brasiliensis. We estimated a small ancestral population size that underwent a drastic fivefold expansion, probably associated with the colonization of newly formed habitats. The estimated time of this expansion was consistent with a humid and warm phase as inferred by speleothem growth phases and travertine records during Pleistocene interglacial periods. The strong concordance between our genetic inferences and this historical data could represent the first genetic record of a humid and warm phase in the Pantanal in the period since the Last Interglacial to 40 ka.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                cris_motta_ferr@yahoo.com.br
                Journal
                Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob
                Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob
                Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials
                BioMed Central (London )
                1476-0711
                20 May 2020
                20 May 2020
                2020
                : 19
                : 20
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas–HEMOAM, Manaus, AM Brazil
                [2 ]GRID grid.412290.c, ISNI 0000 0000 8024 0602, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas-UEA, ; Manaus, AM Brazil
                [3 ]Fundação de Dermatologia Tropical e Venereologia Alfredo da Matta-FUAM, Manaus, Brazil
                [4 ]GRID grid.411181.c, ISNI 0000 0001 2221 0517, Universidade Federal do Amazonas-UFAM, ; Manaus, AM Brazil
                [5 ]GRID grid.418153.a, ISNI 0000 0004 0486 0972, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, ; Manaus, AM Brazil
                [6 ]GRID grid.418068.3, ISNI 0000 0001 0723 0931, Instituto Leônidas e Maria-Deane, FIOCRUZ, ; Manaus, AM Brazil
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2867-4034
                Article
                361
                10.1186/s12941-020-00361-3
                7238607
                32434527
                bb1c3907-cfd6-4b71-a8ca-750ee33d9ddb
                © The Author(s) 2020

                Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

                History
                : 19 February 2020
                : 7 May 2020
                Categories
                Case Report
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2020

                Infectious disease & Microbiology
                phylogeny,c. neorformans,mlst,non-hodgkin disease,st623
                Infectious disease & Microbiology
                phylogeny, c. neorformans, mlst, non-hodgkin disease, st623

                Comments

                Comment on this article