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      Plasma-Facilitated Synthesis of Amidoxime/Carbon Nanofiber Hybrids for Effective Enrichment of 238U(VI) and 241Am(III).

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          Abstract

          Plasma- and chemical-grafted amidoxime/carbon nanofiber hybrids (p-AO/CNFs and c-AO/CNFs) were utilized to remove 238U(VI) and 241Am(III) from aqueous solutions, seawater, and groundwater. Characteristic results indicated more nitrogen-containing groups in p-AO/CNFs compared to c-AO/CNFs. The maximum adsorption capacities of p-AO/CNFs at pH 3.5 and T = 293 K (588.24 mg of 238U(VI)/g and 40.79 mg of 241Am(III)/g from aqueous solutions, respectively) were significantly higher than those of c-AO/CNFs (263.18 and 22.77 mg/g for 238U(VI) and 241Am(III), respectively), which indicated that plasma-grafting was a highly effective, low-cost, and environmentally friendly method. Adsorption of 238U(VI) on AO/CNFs from aqueous solutions was significantly higher than that of 238U(VI) from seawater and groundwater; moreover, AO/CNFs displayed the highest effective selectivity for 238U(VI) compared to the other radionuclides. Adsorption of 238U(VI) onto AO/CNFs created inner-sphere complexes (e.g., U-C shells) as shown by X-ray absorption fine structure analysis, which was supported by surface complexation modeling. Three inner-sphere complexes gave excellent fits to pH-edge and isothermal adsorption of 238U(VI) on the AO/CNFs. These observations are crucial for the utilization of plasma-grafted, AO-based composites in the preconcentration and immobilization of lanthanides and actinides in environmental remediation.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Environ. Sci. Technol.
          Environmental science & technology
          American Chemical Society (ACS)
          1520-5851
          0013-936X
          Nov 07 2017
          : 51
          : 21
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science , P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China.
          [2 ] College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University , Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China.
          [3 ] Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China.
          [4 ] NAAM Research Group, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
          [5 ] Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University , Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
          [6 ] Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China.
          Article
          10.1021/acs.est.7b02745
          29017009
          bb75a224-4263-4701-9dd0-9df279573891
          History

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