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      Expression of the X-inactivation-associated gene XIST during spermatogenesis.

      Author(s):
      Publication date:
      Journal: Nature genetics
      Keywords: Animals, Base Sequence, DNA, Complementary, Dosage Compensation, Genetic, Female, Humans, Male, Meiosis, genetics, Mice, Molecular Sequence Data, RNA, Long Noncoding, RNA, Messenger, analysis, biosynthesis, RNA, Untranslated, Sertoli Cells, chemistry, Spermatogenesis, Spermatozoa, Testis, cytology, physiology, Tissue Distribution, Transcription Factors, Transcription, Genetic, X Chromosome

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          Abstract

          Mammalian X-chromosome inactivation is thought to be controlled by the X inactivation centre (XIC, X-controlling element -Xce-in mice). A human gene, XIST and its mouse counterpart, Xist, which map to the XIC/Xce, are expressed exclusively from inactive X chromosomes, suggesting their involvement in the process of X-inactivation. We now report the presence of Xist/XIST transcripts in newborn and adult mouse testes, and in human testicular tissue with normal spermatogenesis, but not in the testes of patients who lack germ cells. Our results indicate that while the X chromosome in males is active in somatic cells, it undergoes inactivation during spermatogenesis.

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          Gene action in the X-chromosome of the mouse (Mus musculus L.).

          MARY LYON (1961)
          Article 0 comments Cited 630 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Spermatogenic cells of the prepuberal mouse: isolation and morphological characterization

            AR Bellve, JC Cavicchia, CF Millette … (1977)
            A procedure is described which permits the isolation from the prepuberal mouse testis of highly purified populations of primitive type A spermatogonia, type A spermatogonia, type B spermatogonia, preleptotene primary spermatocytes, leptotene and zygotene primary spermatocytes, pachytene primary spermatocytes and Sertoli cells. The successful isolation of these prepuberal cell types was accomplished by: (a) defining distinctive morphological characteristics of the cells, (b) determining the temporal appearance of spermatogenic cells during prepuberal development, (c) isolating purified seminiferous cords, after dissociation of the testis with collagenase, (d) separating the trypsin-dispersed seminiferous cells by sedimentation velocity at unit gravity, and (e) assessing the identity and purity of the isolated cell types by microscopy. The seminiferous epithelium from day 6 animals contains only primitive type A spermatogonia and Sertoli cells. Type A and type B spermatogonia are present by day 8. At day 10, meiotic prophase is initiated, with the germ cells reaching the early and late pachytene stages by 14 and 18, respectively. Secondary spermatocytes and haploid spermatids appear throughout this developmental period. The purity and optimum day for the recovery of specific cell types are as follows: day 6, Sertoli cells (purity>99 percent) and primitive type A spermatogonia (90 percent); day 8, type A spermatogonia (91 percent) and type B spermatogonia (76 percent); day 18, preleptotene spermatocytes (93 percent), leptotene/zygotene spermatocytes (52 percent), and pachytene spermatocytes (89 percent), leptotene/zygotene spermatocytes (52 percent), and pachytene spermatocytes (89 percent).
            Article 0 comments Cited 247 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Characterization of a murine gene expressed from the inactive X chromosome.

              G Borsani, R Tonlorenzi, M C Simmler … (1991)
              In mammals, equal dosage of gene products encoded by the X chromosome in male and female cells is achieved by X inactivation. Although X-chromosome inactivation represents the most extensive example known of long range cis gene regulation, the mechanism by which thousands of genes on only one of a pair of identical chromosomes are turned off is poorly understood. We have recently identified a human gene (XIST) exclusively expressed from the inactive X chromosome. Here we report the isolation and characterization of its murine homologue (Xist) which localizes to the mouse X inactivation centre region and is the first murine gene found to be expressed from the inactive X chromosome. Nucleotide sequence analysis indicates that Xist may be associated with a protein product. The similar map positions and expression patterns for Xist in mouse and man suggest that this gene may have a role in X inactivation.
              Article 0 comments Cited 132 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                PubMed ID:: 1345168
                DOI:: 10.1038/ng1192-196

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Chemistry
                Keywords: Animals,Base Sequence,DNA, Complementary,Dosage Compensation, Genetic,Female,Humans,Male,Meiosis,genetics,Mice,Molecular Sequence Data,RNA, Long Noncoding,RNA, Messenger,analysis,biosynthesis,RNA, Untranslated,Sertoli Cells,chemistry,Spermatogenesis,Spermatozoa,Testis,cytology,physiology,Tissue Distribution,Transcription Factors,Transcription, Genetic,X Chromosome
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                ScienceOpen disciplines: Chemistry
                Keywords: Animals, Base Sequence, DNA, Complementary, Dosage Compensation, Genetic, Female, Humans, Male, Meiosis, genetics, Mice, Molecular Sequence Data, RNA, Long Noncoding, RNA, Messenger, analysis, biosynthesis, RNA, Untranslated, Sertoli Cells, chemistry, Spermatogenesis, Spermatozoa, Testis, cytology, physiology, Tissue Distribution, Transcription Factors, Transcription, Genetic, X Chromosome

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