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      Influencia de la saliva en la erosión dental en niños. Estudio transversal Translated title: Influence of saliva on dental erosion in children. A cross-sectional study

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: La erosión dental es la pérdida patológica, crónica, localizada e indolora de los tejidos dentarios duros, producido por la acción química de ácidos, donde no está involucrada la acción de microorganismos. En los últimos años se ha observado un incremento significativo de la prevalencia de esta patología, especialmente en niños y adolescentes. El objetivo fue establecer la relación del flujo, el pH y la capacidad buffer de la saliva estimulada con el desarrollo de erosión dental en una muestra de 400 niños valencianos de edades comprendidas entre 6 y 14 años. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal. Mediante una exploración clínica se determinó con el índice BEWE la presencia o no de erosión en cada paciente, así como la gravedad en caso de ser detectada. Además, se determinó el flujo de saliva estimulado, la capacidad buffer y el pH salival. Resultados: La prevalencia de erosión dental en la muestra estudiada fue del 22,3%. Se observó que los pacientes con un pH moderadamente ácido presentaron un mayor índice BEWE (p<0,001). Además, cuanto menor fue la capacidad buffer salival menor fue la gravedad de las lesiones erosivas presentes (p<0,001) en los pacientes. No se pudo establecer una relación positiva entre el flujo salival y el índice BEWE. Discusión: Una baja capacidad buffer, así como un pH moderadamente ácido salival parecen ser factores asociados positivamente con el desarrollo de lesiones erosivas.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: Dental erosion is the pathological, chronic, localized and painless loss of hard dental tissues, produced by the chemical action of acids, where the action of microorganisms is not involved. In recent years, a significant increase in the prevalence of this pathology has been observed, especially in children and adolescents. The objective was to establish the relationship between flow, pH and buffer capacity of stimulated saliva with the development of dental erosion in a sample of 400 Valencian children aged between 6 and 14 years. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out. A clinical examination was used to determine the presence or absence of erosion in each patient, as well as the severity of erosion, if detected. In addition, stimulated saliva flow, buffer capacity and salivary pH were determined. Results: The prevalence of dental erosion in the studied sample was 22.3%. It was observed that the patients with a moderately acid pH had a higher BEWE index (p <0.001). Furthermore, the lower the salivary buffer capacity was, the lower the severity of the erosive lesions present (p <0.001) in the patients. A positive relationship between salivary flow and BEWE index could not be established. Discussion: A low buffer capacity, as well as a moderately salivary acid pH seem to be factors positively associated with the development of erosive lesions.

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          Most cited references39

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          Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE): a new scoring system for scientific and clinical needs

          A new scoring system, the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE), has been designed to provide a simple tool for use in general practice and to allow comparison to other more discriminative indices. The most severely affected surface in each sextant is recorded with a four level score and the cumulative score classified and matched to risk levels which guide the management of the condition. The BEWE allows re-analysis and integration of results from existing studies and, in time, should initiate a consensus within the scientific community and so avoid continued proliferation of indices. Finally, this process should lead to the development of an internationally accepted, standardised and validated index. The BEWE further aims to increase the awareness of tooth erosion amongst clinicians and general dental practitioners and to provide a guide as to its management.
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            Dental erosion. Definition, classification and links.

            An overview of tooth wear, i.e. of non-carious destructive processes affecting the teeth including abrasion, demastication, attrition, abfraction, resorption and erosion is presented. The nomenclature and classification of dental erosion commonly used in the dental literature are summarized. They are based on etiology (extrinsic, intrinsic, idiopathic), on clinical severity (Classes I to III), on pathogenetic activity (manifest, latent) or on localization (perimolysis). Interactions between erosion and abrasion, demastication, attrition, and abfraction as well as caries and low salivary flow rate are highlighted.
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              Risk factors in dental erosion.

              Dental erosion and factors affecting the risk of its occurrence were investigated with a case-control approach. One hundred and six cases with erosion and 100 randomly selected controls from the same source population were involved in the study. All cases and controls were evaluated by the recording of structured medical and dietary histories and by examination of the teeth and saliva. Erosion was classified according to pre-determined criteria. The relative importance of associations between factors and erosion was analyzed by a logistic multivariable model. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were estimated. There was considerable risk of erosion when citrus fruits were eaten more than twice a day (AOR 37), soft drinks were drunk daily (AOR 4), apple vinegar was ingested weekly (AOR 10), or sport drinks were drunk weekly (AOR 4). The risk of erosion was also high in individuals who vomited (AOR 31) or exhibited gastric symptoms (AOR 10), and in those with a low unstimulated salivary flow rate (AOR 5).
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                odonto
                Avances en Odontoestomatología
                Av Odontoestomatol
                Ediciones Avances, S.L. (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0213-1285
                2340-3152
                September 2021
                : 37
                : 3
                : 131-139
                Affiliations
                [2] Valencia orgnameCardenal Herrera-CEU University orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud orgdiv2Departamento de Odontología España
                [1] Valencia orgnameCardenal Herrera-CEU University orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud orgdiv2Departamento de Odontología España laura.marques@ 123456uchceu.es
                Article
                S0213-12852021000300004 S0213-1285(21)03700300004
                bc01fde9-630f-48e4-ae95-5059cceff6ab

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 08 May 2020
                : 02 April 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 39, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Artículos

                Dental erosion,tooth erosion wear,salivary,children,prevalence,Erosión dental,desgaste por erosión dental,niños,prevalencia,saliva

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