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      Flexible goal imitation: Vicarious feedback influences stimulus-response binding by observation.

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          Abstract

          This study investigated whether vicarious feedback influences binding processes between stimuli and observed responses. Two participants worked together in a shared color categorization task, taking the roles of actor and observer in turns. During a prime trial, participants saw a word while observing the other person executing a specific response. Automatic binding of words and observed responses into stimulus-response (S-R) episodes was assessed via word repetition effects in a subsequent probe trial in which either the same (compatible) or a different (incompatible) response had to be executed by the participants in response to the same or a different word. Results showed that vicarious prime feedback (i.e., the feedback that the other participant received for her or his response in the prime) modulated S-R retrieval effects: After positive vicarious prime feedback, typical S-R retrieval effects emerged (i.e., performance benefits for stimulus repetition probes with compatible responses, but performance costs for stimulus repetition probes with incompatible responses emerged). Notably, however, S-R-retrieval effects were reversed after vicarious negative prime feedback (meaning that stimulus repetition in the probe resulted in performance costs if prime and probe responses were compatible, and in performance benefits for incompatible responses). Findings are consistent with a flexible goal imitation account, according to which imitation is based on an interpretative and therefore feedback-sensitive reconstruction of action goals from observed movements. In concert with earlier findings, this data support the conclusion that transient S-R binding and retrieval processes are involved in social learning phenomena.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Learn Behav
          Learning & behavior
          Springer Nature
          1543-4508
          1543-4494
          Jun 2017
          : 45
          : 2
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Psychology, General Psychology II, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Steiger 3, Haus 1, 07743, Jena, Germany. carina.giesen@uni-jena.de.
          [2 ] Department of Psychology, General Psychology II, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Steiger 3, Haus 1, 07743, Jena, Germany.
          Article
          10.3758/s13420-016-0250-1
          10.3758/s13420-016-0250-1
          27800568
          bc3b22cf-a9d2-4d4e-ba53-9a8fc75c6a47
          History

          Episodic retrieval,Event files,Observational learning,Stimulus-response binding,Vicarious feedback

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