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      Frecuencia de escoliosis idiopática del adolescente en alumnos de secundaria en seis colegios de Lima Norte Translated title: Frequency of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis among high school students from six Northern Lima schools

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Objetivo Determinar la frecuencia de escoliosis idiopática del adolescente y su asociación con factores como edad y sexo en alumnos de secundaria en seis colegios de Lima Norte. Materiales y métodos Se diseñó un estudio observacional, analítico y de corte transversal en seis colegios de la Red Diocesana de Lima Norte. Evaluamos la deformidad de la columna vertebral en alumnos de 1.° a 5.° año de secundaria de entre 11 a 18 años de edad con la Escala visual de Walter Reed (EVWR). El análisis estadístico se realizó con el software STATA versión 15.0 para Windows, y el análisis bivariado se calculó mediante las técnicas ji cuadrado y t de Student. Un valor de p ≤ 0,05 fue considerado como significativo. Resultados Se incluyeron 191 participantes, 119 varones (62,30 %) y 72 mujeres (37,70 %). El promedio de edad fue de 14,46 ± 1,43 años (rango: 12 - 18 años). Tras la evaluación con la EVWR, 106 participantes (55,50 %) tuvieron un resultado negativo; 33 participantes (17,28 %), un resultado dudoso, y 52 (27,23 %) tuvieron un resultado positivo. Los hombres representaron el 86,56 % de los resultados positivos y la edad promedio de los participantes fue 14 años. Conclusiones Tras la evaluación con la prueba de tamizaje, la frecuencia de escoliosis idiopática del adolescente fue del 27,23 % (52 participantes). Su asociación con factores como sexo mostró resultados novedosos y la relación con la edad correspondió a lo publicado en estudios previos.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Objective To determine the frequency of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and its association with factors such as age and sex among high school students from six Northern Lima schools. Materials and methods An observational, analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted in six schools of the Northern Lima Diocesan Network. It assessed the spine deformity among students from the first to fifth years of high school aged between 11 and 18 years old using the Walter Reed Visual Assessment Scale (WRVAS). The statistical analysis was performed using Stata 15 for Windows and the bivariate analysis was conducted using the chi-square test and Student's t-test. A value of p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results A total of 191 participants were included in the study: 119 males (62.30 %) and 72 females (37.70 %). The average age was 14.46 ± 1.43 years (range: 12 - 18 years). According to the assessment conducted with the WRVAS, 106 participants (55.50 %) had a negative result, 33 (17.28 %) had a dubious result and 52 (27.23 %) had a positive result. Males accounted for 86.56 % of the positive results and the average age of the participants was 14 years. Conclusions The frequency of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis was 27.23 % (52 participants) according to the assessment conducted with the screening test. Its association with factors such as the sex showed novel results, and its relationship with the age matched those published in previous studies.

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          Most cited references20

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          Epidemiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

          Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a common disease with an overall prevalence of 0.47-5.2 % in the current literature. The female to male ratio ranges from 1.5:1 to 3:1 and increases substantially with increasing age. In particular, the prevalence of curves with higher Cobb angles is substantially higher in girls than in boys: The female to male ratio rises from 1.4:1 in curves from 10° to 20° up to 7.2:1 in curves >40°. Curve pattern and prevalence of scoliosis is not only influenced by gender, but also by genetic factors and age of onset. These data obtained from school screening programs have to be interpreted with caution, since methods and cohorts of the different studies are not comparable as age groups of the cohorts and diagnostic criteria differ substantially. We do need data from studies with clear standards of diagnostic criteria and study protocols that are comparable to each other.
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            Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

            Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common form of structural spinal deformities that have a radiological lateral Cobb angle - a measure of spinal curvature - of ≥10(°). AIS affects between 1% and 4% of adolescents in the early stages of puberty and is more common in young women than in young men. The condition occurs in otherwise healthy individuals and currently has no recognizable cause. In the past few decades, considerable progress has been made towards understanding the clinical patterns and the three-dimensional pathoanatomy of AIS. Advances in biomechanics and technology and their clinical application, supported by limited evidence-based research, have led to improvements in the safety and outcomes of surgical and non-surgical treatments. However, the definite aetiology and aetiopathogenetic mechanisms that underlie AIS are still unclear. Thus, at present, both the prevention of AIS and the treatment of its direct underlying cause are not possible.
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              Clinical practice. Idiopathic scoliosis in adolescents.

              M Hresko (2013)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                hm
                Horizonte Médico (Lima)
                Horiz. Med.
                Universidad de San Martín de Porres. Facultad de Medicina Humana (Lima, , Peru )
                1727-558X
                October 2020
                : 20
                : 4
                : e1172
                Affiliations
                [1] Lima Lima orgnameUniversidad Científica del Sur orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud orgdiv2Carrera de Medicina Humana Peru
                Article
                S1727-558X2020000400005 S1727-558X(20)02000400005
                10.24265/horizmed.2020.v20n4.05
                bcc588a4-bac6-4c15-b6a7-188493c04e67

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 13 February 2020
                : 05 September 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 20, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Peru

                Categories
                Artículos originales

                Pediatría,Neurocirugía,Escoliosis,Pediatrics,Neurosurgery,Scoliosis

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