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      Natural Distribution of Parasitoids of Larvae of the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, in Argentina

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          Abstract

          To develop a better understanding of the natural distribution of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and to update the knowledge of the incidence of its complex of parasitoids. S. frugiperda, samplings in whorl-stage corn were carried out in provinces of Argentina from 1999 to 2003. S. frugiperda larvae were collected from corn in localities of the provinces of Tucumán, Salta, Jujuy, Santiago del Estero, La Rioja, Córdoba, San Luis, Chaco and Misiones. In each locality 30 corn plants were sampled and only larvae located in those plants were collected. The parasitoids that emerged from S. frugiperda larvae were identified and counted. The abundance of the parasitoids and the parasitism rate were estimated. The S. frugiperda parasitoids collected were Campoletis grioti (Blanchard) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), Chelonus insularis (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Archytas marmoratus (Townsend) (Diptera Tachinidae) and/or A. incertus (Macquart), Ophion sp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), Euplectrus platyhypenae Howard (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), and Incamyia chilensis (Aldrich) (Diptera Tachinidae). C. grioti was the most abundant and frequent during the five-year survey. Similar diversity of parasitoids was obtained in all the provinces, with the exception of I. chilensis and E. platyhypenae that were recovered only in the province of Salta. In the Northwestern region, in Tucumán, C. grioti and species of Archytas were the most abundant and frequent parasitoids. On the contrary, in Salta and Jujuy Ch. insularis was the parasitoid most abundant and frequently recovered. The parasitism rate obtained in Tucumán, Salta and Jujuy provinces were 21.96%, 17.87% and 6.63% respectively with an average of 18.93%. These results demonstrate that hymenopteran and dipteran parasitoids of S. frugiperda occurred differentially throughout the Argentinian provinces and played an important role on the natural control of the S. frugiperda larval population.

          Resumen

          Con la finalidad de obtener un mejor conocimiento de la distributión natural y actualizar los dates sobre la incidencia del complejo de parasitoides del “cogollero del maíz” Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) en Argentina, se realizaron muestreos en diferentes provincias desde 1999 a 2003. Se colectaron larvas en plantas de maíz en diversas localidades de Tucumán, Salta, Jujuy, Santiago del Estero, La Rioja, Córdoba, San Luis, Chaco y Misiones. En cada lugar se monitorearon 30 plantas y se muestrearon solo las larvas presentes en ellas. Se identificaron y contabilizaron los parasitoides nacidos. Se estimó la abundancia y frecuencia de los parasitoides y el porcentaje de parasitismo en cada provincia. Los parasitoides encontrados fueron: Campoletis grioti (Blanchard), Chelonus insularis (Cresson), Archytas marmoratus (Town.) y/o A. incertus (Macquart), Ophion sp., Euplectrus platyhypenae Howard, e Incamyia chilensis (Blanchard). C. grioti fue el parasitoide más frecuente y abundante durante los cinco años muestreados. En todas las provincias se encontraron las mismas especies de parasitoides con la exceptión de I. chilensis y E. platyhypenae que sólo fueron obtenidos en la provincia de Salta. En las provincias del Noroeste, en Tucumán, los parasitoides más abundantes y frecuentes fueron C. grioti y Archytas spp.; mientras que en Salta y Jujuy el más abundante y frecuente fue Ch. insularis. El porcentaje de parasitismo total fue 18.93%. Los porcentajes de parasitismo obtenidos fueron de 21.96%, 17.87% y 6.63% para las provincias de Tucumán, Salta y Jujuy, respectivamente. Nuestros resultados muestran que los parasitoides de los Ordenes Hymenoptera y Diptera aparecieron diferencialmente en las distintas provincias de Argentina y juegan un rol importante en el control de las poblaciones del cogollero.

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          Most cited references107

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          A Review of the Biology of the Fall Armyworm

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            Host-parasite and parasite-host catalogue of South American Tachinidae (Diptera) )

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                J Insect Sci
                J. Insect Sci
                insc
                Journal of Insect Science
                University of Wisconsin Library
                1536-2442
                2009
                19 May 2009
                : 9
                : 20
                Affiliations
                [ a ]Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres, Sección Zoología Agrícola, CC 9, Las Talitas (T4101XAC), Tucumán, Argentina
                [ b ]CONICET
                [ c ]Universidad de Colima, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Km. 40, autopista Colima-Manzanillo, Tecomán, Colima (28100), México
                [ d ]Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0816, USA
                [ e ]CRILAR (CONICET), entre Ríos y Mendoza s/n, Anillaco (5301), La Rioja, Argentina
                Author notes
                Article
                10.1673/031.009.2001
                3011829
                19613463
                bce92963-8450-40a7-82aa-265e63b7283d
                © 2009

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 31 October 2007
                : 20 February 2008
                Page count
                Pages: 17
                Categories
                Article

                Entomology
                a. incertus,chelonus insularis,ophion sp., euplectrus platyhypenae,corn,archytas marmoratus,abundance,diversity indexes,parasitism rate,biogeographic regions,incamyia chilensis,campoletis grioti

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