La no-maternidad en México. El rol del género y la desigualdad socioeconómica

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Abstract

ResumenLa no-maternidad en México se perfila como un complejo fenómeno distinto al de las sociedades industrializadas y altamente urbanizadas en las que ha sido fundamentalmente estudiada. Las desiguales condiciones en la que esta se lleva a cabo aluden a una diversidad de experiencias que requieren ser documentadas. Este estudio busca contribuir al conocimiento de la no-maternidad en México, explorando, a partir de fuentes secundarias y análisis descriptivos, sus aspectos sociales y económicos más relevantes. Los resultados ratifican que la no-maternidad ocurre bajo diferentes contextos socioeconómicos, que llegan a ser incluso antagónicos. La no unión conyugal se presenta como un aspecto importante de la nomaternidad que, al no haberse asociado con índices migratorios, muestra que en México las mujeres que no son madres tampoco son esposas, sugiriendo con ello, una doble transgresión al modelo hegemónico del ser mujer, al tiempo que revela una realidad hasta ahora poco visible de las mujeres no madres y no esposas: la de las mujeres con limitaciones físicas.

Translated abstract

AbstractThe non-maternity in Mexico is emerging as a complex phenomenon different from the highly urbanized and industrialized societies in which primarily has been studied. The unequal conditions in which it takes place refer to a variety of experiences that need to be documented. This study seeks to contribute to the knowledge of non-maternity in Mexico, exploring, from secondary sources and descriptive analysis, its most important social and economic aspects. The results confirm that non-maternity occurs under different socioeconomic contexts, that become even antagonistic. Non-marital union was presented as an important aspect of non-maternity that, not having been associated with migration rates, shows that in Mexico women who are not mothers neither are wives, thereby suggesting a double transgression of the hegemonic model of womanhood, while it is revealing a reality hitherto little visible of women who are neither mothers nor wives: the women with physical limitations to work.

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Most cited references 21

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Pathways into childlessness: evidence of gendered life course dynamics.

Pearl Dykstra, Renske Keizer, Miranda D Jansen (2008)

Using data from the first wave of the Netherlands Kinship Panel Study (NKPS) for 2867 women and 2195 men aged 40 to 79, this study examines to what extent educational, employment and marital pathways shape the likelihood of remaining childless, and whether these pathways are gendered. The findings indicate that women and men have distinctive pathways into childlessness. Educational attainment increases the likelihood of remaining childless among women only. A stable career increases the likelihood of remaining childless among women, but it increases the likelihood of entering fatherhood. Years without a partner is positively associated with childlessness among both women and men. Not having had a partnership and having had multiple partnerships are strong determinants of childlessness, especially among men.