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      Stress Distribution in Roots Restored with Fiber Posts and An Experimental Dentin Post: 3D-FEA

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          Abstract

          Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the stress distribution in radicular dentin of a maxillary canine restored with either a glass fiber post, carbon fiber post or an experimental dentin post using finite element analysis (3D-FEA). Three 3D virtual models of a maxillary canine restored with a metal-ceramic crown and glass fiber post (GFP), carbon fiber post (CFP), and experimental dentin post (DP) were obtained based on micro-CT images. A total of 180 N was applied on the lingual surface of the incisal third of each tooth at 45 degrees. The models were supported by the periodontal ligament fixed in three axes (x=y=z=0). The von Mises stress (VMS) of radicular dentin and the intracanal posts was calculated. The structures of all groups showed similar values (MPa) and distribution of maximum von Mises stress. Higher stress was found in the apical third of dentin while the posts presented homogeneous stress distribution along the axis. The fiber and dentin posts exhibited similar stress values and distribution. Thus, the experimental dentin post is a promising restorative material.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a distribuição das tensões na dentina radicular de um canino superior restaurado com um pino de fibra de vidro, pino de fibra de carbono ou um pino experimental de dentina por meio do método dos elementos finitos tridimensional (MEF-3D). Três modelos virtuais 3D de um canino superior restaurado com coroa metaloce-râmica e pino de fibra de vidro (PFV), pino de fibra de carbono (PFC) e pino experimental de dentina (PD) foram obtidos baseados em imagens de micro-CT. Uma carga total de 180 N foi aplicada na superfície lingual do terço incisal de cada dente a 45 graus. Os modelos foram suportados pelo ligamento periodontal fixado em três eixos (x=y=z=0). Tensões equivalentes de von Mises (VMS) da dentina radicular e dos pinos intraradiculares foram calculadas. As estruturas de todos os grupos mostraram similar valor (MPa) e distribuição máxima de tensão de von Mises. Elevadas tensões foram encontradas no terço apical da dentina enquanto os pi-nos mostraram distribuição de tensões homogênea em seu longo eixo. Os pinos de fibra e de dentina apresentaram similar valor e distribuição de tensão. Assim, o pino experimental de dentina é um material reabilitador promissor.

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          Most cited references29

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          Current perspectives on post systems: a literature review.

          This literature review summarizes the most recent and reliable evidence on post systems. A search was limited to review articles published over the last 10 years in dental journals with an impact factor. Papers cited in the initially retrieved review articles were also included if significant. Preservation of tooth tissue, presence of a ferrule effect, and adhesion are regarded as the most effective conditions for long-term success of post-endodontic restorations. Adhesively luted fibre-reinforced composite post restorations have demonstrated satisfactory survival rates over relatively long follow-up periods. The clinical effectiveness of such restorations has been mainly ascribed to the more biomimetic behaviour of fibre-reinforced composite posts that reduces the risk of vertical root fractures. The most common type of failure when using fibre posts is post debonding and it is generally agreed that achieving stable adhesion to intraradicular dentine is more challenging than to coronal dentine. Several factors related to endodontic treatment, root canal shape, post space preparation, post translucency, adhesive cement handling and curing may have an influence on the outcome of the luting procedure. The most reliable results in fibre post cementation are obtained by etch-and-rinse adhesives in combination with dual-cure resin cements. The use of self-adhesive resin cements has also been proposed. Simplification is an obvious advantage of these new materials. However, the durability of their bond still needs to be verified with long-term clinical studies. Several techniques for pre-treating the fibre-reinforced composite post surface have been tested with the aim of improving the bond strength at the post-core and post-cement interfaces. Silicoating followed by silanization currently appears to be the most effective and convenient method for this purpose. In conclusion, the available evidence validates the use of fibre posts as an alternative to metal posts and preferably to other tooth-coloured posts, such as zirconia dowels, in the restoration of endodontically treated teeth. Longer term clinical trials are expected to further strengthen this evidence. © 2011 Australian Dental Association.
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            Finite element analysis of a glass fibre reinforced composite endodontic post.

            In this work the mechanical response to external applied loads of a new glass fibre reinforced endodontic post is simulated by finite element (FE) analysis of a bidimensional model. The new post has a cylindrical shape with a smooth conical end in order to adequately fit the root cavity, and to avoid edges that could act as undesired stress concentrators. Mechanical data obtained by three-point bending tests on some prototypes fabricated in the laboratory are presented and used in the FE model. Under various loading conditions, the resulting stress component fields are hence compared with those obtained in the case of two commercial endodontic posts (i.e. a cast metal post and a carbon fibre post) and with the response of a natural tooth. The gold cast post-and-core produces the greatest stress concentration at the post-dentin interface. On the other hand, fibre-reinforced composite posts do present quite high stresses in the cervical region due to their flexibility and also to the presence of a less stiff core material. The glass fibre composite shows the lowest peak stresses inside the root because its stiffness is much similar to dentin. Except for the force concentration at the cervical margin, the glass fibre composite post induces a stress field quite similar to that of the natural tooth.
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              Mechanisms and risk factors for fracture predilection in endodontically treated teeth

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                bdj
                Brazilian Dental Journal
                Braz. Dent. J.
                Fundação Odontológica de Ribeirão Preto
                1806-4760
                April 2016
                : 27
                : 2
                : 223-227
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade de Ribeirão Preto Brazil
                Article
                S0103-64402016000200223
                10.1590/0103-6440201600666
                27058388
                bda70d9c-f027-433b-9a37-96f10b25e39c

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0103-6440&lng=en
                Categories
                DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

                Dentistry
                posts,techniques of intracanal retainer,elastic modulus,finite element analysis
                Dentistry
                posts, techniques of intracanal retainer, elastic modulus, finite element analysis

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