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      Influencia de la zeolita en la emisión de óxido nitroso y uso eficiente de nutrientes en maíz dulce Translated title: Influence of zeolite on the nitrous oxide emission and efficient use of nutrients in sweet corn

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la influencia de zeolita (clinoptilolita) en la emisión de óxido nitroso (N2O) y el uso eficiente de nutrientes N-P-K en el cultivo de maíz dulce (Zea mays L.), utilizando la técnica isotópica de 15N 2,5% en exceso. Se utilizó un diseño en bloques completos al azar con cinco tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones, se emplearon dosis de 236, 75 y 192 kg ha-1 para N, P y K respectivamente, mezclados con 0, 70, 140 y 210 kg ha-1 de zeolita. La emisión de N2O se estimó mediante cámara estática cerrada a los 15, 25, 36, 45, 56, 65 y 76 días después de la siembra del cultivo. Se determinó el uso eficiente de nutrientes mediante la eficiencia agronómica y de recuperación del fertilizante para N-P-K. El flujo de N2O y las eficiencias de uso de nutrientes por tratamiento mostraron diferencias altamente significativas (P≤0,01); el mayor flujo de N2O se presentó en el testigo y menor en el T4 (210 kg ha-1 zeolita, 236 kg ha-1 nitrógeno, 75 kg ha-1 fósforo P2O5 y 192 kg ha-1 potasio K2O), contrastante con la mayor eficiencia de uso de nutrientes en el T4 excepto para nitrógeno. Esto evidencia la contribución de la zeolita en la disminución de la emisión de N2O e incremento del rendimiento.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT This research aimed to determine the influence of zeolite (clinoptilolite) on the emission of nitrous oxide (N2O) and the efficient use of N-P-K nutrients in sweet corn (Zea mays L.) cultures using the 15N isotopic technique, 2.5% in excess. A complete randomized block design with five treatments and four replicates was used; doses of 236, 75 and 192 kg ha-1 were used for N, P and K, respectively, mixed with 0, 70, 140 and 210 kg ha-1 of zeolite. The emission of N2O was estimated with a closed static chamber at 15, 25, 36, 45, 56, 65 and 76 days after sowing the crop. The efficient nutrient use was determined with the agronomic and recovery fertilizer efficiency of N-P-K. N2O flow and nutrient use efficiencies by treatment showed highly significant differences (P≤0.01); the highest N2O flux was found in the control and the lowest was in T4 (210 kg ha-1 zeolite, 236 kg ha-1 nitrogen, 75 kg ha-1 phosphorus P2O5 and 192 kg ha-1 potassium K2O) as contrasted with the greater nutrient use efficiency in T4, except for nitrogen. This showed the contribution of zeolite in the reduction of N2O emissions and in yield increases.

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          Most cited references38

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          Influences of clinoptilolite and surfactant-modified clinoptilolite zeolite on nitrate leaching and plant growth

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            Fertilización en diversos cultivos. Quinta aproximación

            (1992)
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              Nitrogen and carbon leaching in agroecosystems and their role in denitrification potential.

              The drainage of water and leaching of dissolved constituents represent major components of agroecosystem mass budgets that have been exceedingly difficult to measure. Equilibrium-tension lysimeters (ETLs) were used to monitor drainage, nitrogen (N), and carbon (C) leaching through Plano silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Argiudoll) for a 4-yr period in a restored prairie and N-fertilized no-tillage and chisel-plowed maize (Zea mays L.) agroecosystems. Mean drainage recorded during 4 yr for the prairie, no-tillage, and chisel-plowed ecosystems totaled 461, 1,116, and 1,575 mm and represented 16, 33, and 47% of precipitation plus melting of drifted snow received, respectively. Total inorganic N leaching losses during the 4-yr period for the prairie, no-tillage, and chisel-plowed ecosystems were 0.6, 201, and 179 kg N ha(-1), respectively. Inorganic N leaching represented 26 and 24% of applied fertilizer N additions to the no-tillage and chisel-plowed agroecosystems. Total dissolved C leaching losses were 119, 435, and 502 kg C ha(-1) for the prairie, no-tillage, and chisel-plowed ecosystems, respectively. Sufficient dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrate N (NO3- -N) existed in the prairie and agroecosystems to support subsoil denitrification. Potential denitrification, however, was limited by insufficient lengths of saturated soil conditions in all three ecosystems, the supply of DOC in the agroecosystems, and the supply of nitrate N in the prairie. Based on available DOC and nitrate N, the maximum contribution of denitrification below the root zone in the agroecosystems was less than 25% of the total amount of leached nitrate N and the probable contribution of denitrification was much less.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rcch
                Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas
                rev.colomb.cienc.hortic.
                Sociedad Colombiana de Ciencias Hotícolas, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                2011-2173
                December 2017
                : 11
                : 2
                : 416-424
                Affiliations
                [1] Palmira orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias orgdiv2Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Agrarias Colombia
                [2] Palmira orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias Colombia
                Article
                S2011-21732017000200416
                10.17584/rcch.2017v11i2.6728
                bdb42d81-34f3-442b-a4ae-f7785ef22860

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 21 June 2017
                : 30 September 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 38, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Colombia


                eficiencia de recuperación,agronomic efficiency,clay,recovery efficiency,arcilla,eficiencia agronómica,clinoptilolite,clinoptilolita

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