103
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Systematic review of reviews of intervention components associated with increased effectiveness in dietary and physical activity interventions

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background

          To develop more efficient programmes for promoting dietary and/or physical activity change (in order to prevent type 2 diabetes) it is critical to ensure that the intervention components and characteristics most strongly associated with effectiveness are included. The aim of this systematic review of reviews was to identify intervention components that are associated with increased change in diet and/or physical activity in individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes.

          Methods

          MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and the Cochrane Library were searched for systematic reviews of interventions targeting diet and/or physical activity in adults at risk of developing type 2 diabetes from 1998 to 2008. Two reviewers independently selected reviews and rated methodological quality. Individual analyses from reviews relating effectiveness to intervention components were extracted, graded for evidence quality and summarised.

          Results

          Of 3856 identified articles, 30 met the inclusion criteria and 129 analyses related intervention components to effectiveness. These included causal analyses (based on randomisation of participants to different intervention conditions) and associative analyses (e.g. meta-regression). Overall, interventions produced clinically meaningful weight loss (3-5 kg at 12 months; 2-3 kg at 36 months) and increased physical activity (30-60 mins/week of moderate activity at 12-18 months). Based on causal analyses, intervention effectiveness was increased by engaging social support, targeting both diet and physical activity, and using well-defined/established behaviour change techniques. Increased effectiveness was also associated with increased contact frequency and using a specific cluster of "self-regulatory" behaviour change techniques (e.g. goal-setting, self-monitoring). No clear relationships were found between effectiveness and intervention setting, delivery mode, study population or delivery provider. Evidence on long-term effectiveness suggested the need for greater consideration of behaviour maintenance strategies.

          Conclusions

          This comprehensive review of reviews identifies specific components which are associated with increased effectiveness in interventions to promote change in diet and/or physical activity. To maximise the efficiency of programmes for diabetes prevention, practitioners and commissioning organisations should consider including these components.

          Related collections

          Most cited references28

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Limits to the measurement of habitual physical activity by questionnaires.

          Despite extensive use over 40 years, physical activity questionnaires still show limited reliability and validity. Measurements have value in indicating conditions where an increase in physical activity would be beneficial and in monitoring changes in population activity. However, attempts at detailed interpretation in terms of exercise dosage and the extent of resulting health benefits seem premature. Such usage may become possible through the development of standardised instruments that will record the low intensity activities typical of sedentary societies, and will ascribe consistent biological meaning to terms such as light, moderate, and heavy exercise.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            The efficacy of motivational interviewing: a meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials.

            A meta-analysis was conducted on controlled clinical trials investigating adaptations of motivational interviewing (AMIs), a promising approach to treating problem behaviors. AMIs were equivalent to other active treatments and yielded moderate effects (from .25 to .57) compared with no treatment and/or placebo for problems involving alcohol, drugs, and diet and exercise. Results did not support the efficacy of AMIs for smoking or HIV-risk behaviors. AMIs showed clinical impact, with 51% improvement rates, a 56% reduction in client drinking, and moderate effect sizes on social impact measures (d=0.47). Potential moderators (comparative dose, AMI format, and problem area) were identified using both homogeneity analyses and exploratory multiple regression. Results are compared with other review results and suggestions for future research are offered.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Interventions to promote physical activity and dietary lifestyle changes for cardiovascular risk factor reduction in adults: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association.

                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                BMC Public Health
                BMC Public Health
                BioMed Central
                1471-2458
                2011
                18 February 2011
                : 11
                : 119
                Affiliations
                [1 ]University of Exeter, Peninsula Medical School, Smeall Building, St Luke's Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
                [2 ]University of Sussex, School of Psychology, Pevensey Building, Falmer BN1 9QG, UK
                [3 ]University of Cambridge, General Practice and Primary Care Research Unit, 16 Colwyn Close, Cambridge CB4 3NU, UK
                [4 ]Heinrich-Heine University, Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Centre and Department of Metabolic Diseases, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
                [5 ]University of Plymouth, Peninsula Medical School, Smeall Building, St Luke's Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
                [6 ]Technical University of Dresden (Carl Gustav Carus Medical Faculty), Medizinische Klinik III, Fetscherstraße 74, Dresden D-01307, Germany
                [7 ]International collaboration group, led from Technical University of Dresden, c/o Prof Peter Schwarz, Medizinische Klinik III, Fetscherstraße 74, Dresden D-01307, Germany
                Article
                1471-2458-11-119
                10.1186/1471-2458-11-119
                3048531
                21333011
                bdda84ed-2fcd-412e-8e36-fd2137b53db8
                Copyright ©2011 Greaves et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 20 July 2010
                : 18 February 2011
                Categories
                Research Article

                Public health
                Public health

                Comments

                Comment on this article