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      Determinación de la capacidad de sobrevivencia de Salmonella enterica en muestras de mantequilla de maní distribuidas de manera comercial en San José, Costa Rica Translated title: Survival capacity determination of Salmonella enterica in samples of peanut butter commercially distributed in San José, Costa Rica

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          Abstract

          La mantequilla de mani es un producto con un alto contenido de grasa y reducida actividad de agua, y que hasta finales de los noventa no habia sido vinculado con la transmision de Salmonella. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el tiempo de sobrevivencia de dos poblaciones de Salmonella enterica inoculadas en mantequilla de mani y almacenadas a temperatura ambiente. Se evaluo el recuento total aerobio, recuento de hongos filamentosos y levaduras y presencia de Salmonella spp. en tres lotes distintos de cuatro marcas comerciales de mantequilla de mani, obtenidos en los principales supermercados del area metropolitana de San Jose, Costa Rica. Tambien, se evaluo la sobrevivencia de una densidad celular alta (107 UFC/ml) y baja (103 UFC/ml) de Salmonella Enteritidis ATCC 13076, inoculada en muestras de mantequilla de mani e incubadas a temperatura ambiente. Los recuentos de la flora nativa fueron bajos, de la misma manera que todas las muestras fueron negativas para la presencia de Salmonella spp. Salmonella enterica inoculada a baja concentracion mostro un valor inicial maximo de 2,78 log10 UFC/g en las cuatro marcas comerciales evaluadas, y no fue capaz de sobrevivir luego de dos semanas de incubacion. Las muestras inoculadas con una alta concentracion de S. enterica presentaron una disminucion constante del numero de bacterias durante las seis semanas de incubacion, siendo esta diferencia mayor en las primeras dos semanas.

          Translated abstract

          Peanut butter is a product with high content of grease and reduced water activity. This product had not been associated with the transmission of Salmonella until the late nineties. The aim of this work was to determine the survival time of two populations of Salmonella enterica inoculated in peanut butter and stored at room temperature. Total aerobic plate count, molds and yeast count and the presence of Salmonella were determined in three different lots of four commercial brands of peanut butter, three imported and one of national production, obtained from the main supermarkets of the metropolitan area of San Jose, Costa Rica. Also, the survival of a high (107 UFC/ml) and low cell density (103 UFC/ml) of Salmonella Enteritidis ATCC 13076, inoculated into peanut butter samples and incubated at room temperature during the storage time was evaluated. The counts of the native flora were low; as well as all samples were negative for the presence of Salmonella spp. Samples inoculated with the low concentration of Salmonella enterica showed an initial count lower than 2.78 log10 UFC/g in the four different brands evaluated and could not survive longer than two weeks. Samples inoculated with a high concentration of Salmonella enterica showed a constant decrease in the number of bacteria for the six weeks of the study with higher reductions observed during the first two weeks.

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          Most cited references16

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          Cross-contamination and recontamination by Salmonella in foods: A review

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            Ability of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. to survive in a desiccation model system and in dry foods.

            In order to determine desiccation tolerances of bacterial strains, the survival of 58 diarrheagenic strains (18 salmonellae, 35 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli [STEC], and 5 shigellae) and of 15 nonpathogenic E. coli strains was determined after drying at 35 degrees C for 24 h in paper disks. At an inoculum level of 10(7) CFU/disk, most of the salmonellae (14/18) and the STEC strains (31/35) survived with a population of 10(3) to 10(4) CFU/disk, whereas all of the shigellae (5/5) and the majority of the nonpathogenic E. coli strains (9/15) did not survive (the population was decreased to less than the detection limit of 10(2) CFU/disk). After 22 to 24 months of subsequent storage at 4 degrees C, all of the selected salmonellae (4/4) and most of the selected STEC strains (12/15) survived, keeping the original populations (10(3) to 10(4) CFU/disk). In contrast to the case for storage at 4 degrees C, all of 15 selected strains (5 strains each of Salmonella spp., STEC O157, and STEC O26) died after 35 to 70 days of storage at 25 degrees C and 35 degrees C. The survival rates of all of these 15 strains in paper disks after the 24 h of drying were substantially increased (10 to 79 times) by the presence of sucrose (12% to 36%). All of these 15 desiccated strains in paper disks survived after exposure to 70 degrees C for 5 h. The populations of these 15 strains inoculated in dried foods containing sucrose and/or fat (e.g., chocolate) were 100 times higher than those in the dried paper disks after drying for 24 h at 25 degrees C.
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              A national outbreak of Salmonella serotype Tennessee infections from contaminated peanut butter: a new food vehicle for salmonellosis in the United States.

              Salmonella serotype Tennessee is a rare cause of the estimated 1 million cases of salmonellosis occurring annually in the United States. In January 2007, we began investigating a nationwide increase in Salmonella Tennessee infections. We defined a case as Salmonella Tennessee infection in a patient whose isolate demonstrated 1 of 3 closely related pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns and whose illness began during the period 1 August 2006 through 31 July 2007. We conducted a case-control study in 22 states and performed laboratory testing of foods and environmental samples. We identified 715 cases in 48 states; 37% of isolates were from urine specimens. Illness was associated with consuming peanut butter more than once a week (matched odds ratio [mOR], 3.5 [95% confidence interval {95% CI}, 1.4-9.9]), consuming Brand X peanut butter (mOR, 12.1 [95% CI, 3.6-66.3]), and consuming Brand Y peanut butter (mOR, 9.1 [95% CI, 1.0-433]). Brands X and Y were produced in 1 plant, which ceased production and recalled products on 14 February 2007. Laboratories isolated outbreak strains of Salmonella Tennessee from 34 Brands X and Y peanut butter jars and 2 plant environmental samples. This large, widespread outbreak of salmonellosis is the first linked to peanut butter in the United States; a nationwide recall resulted in outbreak control. Environmental contamination in the peanut butter plant likely caused this outbreak. This outbreak highlights the risk of salmonellosis from heat-processed foods of nonanimal origin previously felt to be low risk for Salmonella contamination.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                recyt
                Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología
                Rev. cienc. tecnol.
                Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Química y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones (Posadas, Misiones, Argentina )
                1851-7587
                December 2016
                : 0
                : 26
                : 21-25
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidad de Costa Rica orgdiv1Facultad de Microbiologia orgdiv2Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales
                Article
                S1851-75872016000200004
                be19bb68-b3a8-43b4-aff8-a1606809e752

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 25 November 2015
                : 23 February 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 17, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Argentina


                Salmonella enterica,Mantequilla de mani,Sobrevivencia,Peanut butter,Survival

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