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      Osteoperiosteal free fibula flap as an effective preprosthetic reconstructive option in severe jaw atrophy and oncological resection Translated title: Il lembo libero osteoperiosteo di fibula come opzione ricostruttiva preprotesica nelle atrofie severe e nei difetti post oncologici dei mascellari

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          SUMMARY

          The gold standard in modern surgical treatment of patients with severe maxillo-mandibular atrophy must include the aim to achieve restoration of function and aesthetics with immediate reconstruction of the oro-mandibular defects. The medical records of 14 patients who were treated in a 5-year period (2010-2014) at our department with severe maxillary and mandibular atrophy, and reconstructed by vascularised free fibula flap were reviewed. Among the former, a total of 14 patients underwent maxillary and mandibular reconstruction using the osteoperiosteal fibula free flap. No major complications were reported. The main advantage of this technique is that it allows the formation of keratinised gengiva, which provides the best implantological options. The only disadvantage of the technique is that the wounds have to heal for second intention, and for this reason patients have to undergo strict follow-up for the first months after the operation. The aim of this article is to evaluate the efficiency of the technique in bone reconstruction after jaw resection or severe atrophy.

          RIASSUNTO

          Il gold standard nella ricostruzione dei mascellari nelle atrofie severe, siano esse di natura idiopatica o iatrogena, come nei casi di chirurgia resettiva oncologica, deve essere incentrato verso tecniche di ricostruzione immediata che consentano un veloce recupero funzionale ed estetico. I pazienti considerati in questo studio sono stati trattati durante un periodo di 5 anni (2010-2014) con ricostruzione immediata del deficit dei mascellari, eseguito per mezzo di lembo libero di fibula osteo-periosteo. Sono stati pertanto selezionati 14 pazienti sottoposti a ricostruzione con tale tecnica, senza riportare complicanze a medio e lungo termine. Il principale vantaggio di questo tipo di ricostruzione va ricercato nella formazione di gengiva cheratinizzata sovrastante il lembo libero che consente la migliori condizione possibile per una ricostruzione implantoprotesica. L'unico svantaggio di questa tecnica è da imputare alla necessità di lasciare che la ferita chirurgica intraorale guarisca per seconda intenzione in modo da promuovere la formazione di gengiva cheratinizzata dai bordi della ferita stessa, per tale ragione però il pazente necessita di un rigido follow up per il primo mese dopo l'intervento. Lo scopo di questo lavoro è valutare l'efficacia di tale tecnica nelle ricostruzioni ossee dei mascellari.

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          Most cited references28

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          Fibula free flap: a new method of mandible reconstruction.

          The fibula was investigated as a donor site for free-flap mandible reconstruction. It has the advantages of consistent shape, ample length, distant location to allow a two-team approach, and low donor-site morbidity. It can be raised with a skin island for composite-tissue reconstruction. Twelve segmental mandibular defects (average 13.5 cm) were reconstructed following resection for tumor, most commonly epidermoid carcinoma. Five defects consisted of bone alone, and four others had only a small amount of associated intraoral soft-tissue loss. Eleven patients underwent primary reconstructions. At least two osteotomies were performed on each graft, and miniplates were used for fixation in 11 patients. Six patients received postoperative radiation, and two patients received postoperative chemotherapy. The flaps survived in all patients. All osteotomies healed primarily. The septocutaneous blood supply was generally not adequate to support a skin island for intraoral soft-tissue replacement. The aesthetic result of the reconstruction was excellent in most patients, particularly in "bone only" defects. There was no long-term donor-site morbidity.
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            The tension-stress effect on the genesis and growth of tissues. Part I. The influence of stability of fixation and soft-tissue preservation.

            To evaluate the optimum conditions for osteogenesis during limb lengthening and to study the changes in soft tissues undergoing elongation, a series of experiments were performed on the canine tibia. The experiments used the transfixion-wire, Ilizarov circular external skeletal fixator in configurations of differing stability of fixation in combination with a second variable, i.e., preservation of the periosteum, bone marrow, and medullary blood supply. Both increased fixator stability, and maximum preservation of the periosseous and intraosseous soft tissues enhanced bone formation during limb lengthening. To assess the role that the direction of the elongation vector plays in osteogenesis, canine tibiae were widened rather than lengthened in a second series of experiments using an Ilizarov apparatus modified for lateral distraction. The new bone formed parallel to the tension vector even when perpendicular to the bone's mechanical axis. As in longitudinal lengthening, damage to the bone marrow inhibits osteogenesis occurring by the influence of a lateral tension-stress vector. In a third series of experiments, half- and full-circumference cortical defects were created in canine tibiae to study the osteogenic potential of the marrow. New bone formed rapidly, even when the marrow was separated from the surrounding periosseous soft tissues by a sheet of polyvinyl chloride, attesting to the importance of marrow element preservation during osteotomy for limb lengthening.
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              The significance of keratinized mucosa on implant health: a systematic review.

              Whether a minimal width of keratinized mucosa (KM) is required to maintain peri-implant tissue health has been a topic of interest. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to investigate the effect of KM on various peri-implant health-related parameters.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital
                Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital
                Pacini
                Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica
                Pacini Editore SRL
                0392-100X
                1827-675X
                December 2015
                : 35
                : 6
                : 394-399
                Affiliations
                Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, Complesso Integrato Columbus, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Gianmarco Saponaro, via Agenore Zeri 8, 00168 Rome, Italy. E-mail: gianmarco.saponaro@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                Pacini
                10.14639/0392-100X-763
                4755055
                26900244
                be244fa8-8d29-46fb-a9ec-55ecc8f289d7
                © Copyright by Società Italiana di Otorinolaringologia e Chirurgia Cervico-Facciale

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License, which permits for noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any digital medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not altered in any way. For details, please refer to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/

                History
                : 01 May 2015
                : 18 June 2015
                Categories
                Head and Neck

                Otolaryngology
                fibula free flap,oncological reconstruction,head and neck tumours,jaw atrophy,jaws rehabilitation

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