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      Effects of nutrient impoverishment on phytoplankton biomass: a mesocosms experimental approach in a shallow eutrophic reservoir (Garças Pond), São Paulo, southeast Brazil Translated title: Efeitos do empobrecimento de nutrientes sobre a biomassa fitoplanctônica: estudo experimental (mesocosmos) em reservatório eutrófico raso (Lago das Garças), São Paulo, Brasil sudeste

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          Abstract

          Nutrient impoverishment in mesocosms was carried out in a shallow eutrophic reservoir aiming to evaluate the nutrient removal technique as a method for eutrophication reduction. Garças Pond is located in the Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga Biological Reserve situated in the southeast region of the municipality of São Paulo. Three different treatments were designed, each consisting of two enclosures containing 360 liters of water each. Mesocosms were made of polyethylene bags and PVC pipes, and were attached to the lake bottom. Treatment dilutions followed Carlson's trophic state index modified by Toledo and collaborators, constituting the oligotrophic, mesotrophic, and eutrophic treatments. Ten abiotic and 9 biological samplings were carried out simultaneously. Trophic states previously calculated for the treatments were kept unaltered during the entire experiment period, except for the mesotrophic mesocosms in which TP reached oligotrophic concentrations on the 31st day of the experiment. In all three treatments a reduction of DO was observed during the study period. At the same time, NH4+ and free CO2 rose, indicating decomposition within the enclosures. Nutrient impoverishment caused P limitation in all three treatments during most of the experiment period. Reduction of algal density, chlorophyll a, and phaeophytin was observed in all treatments. Competition for nutrients led to changes in phytoplankton composition. Once isolated and diluted, the mesocosms' trophic state did not change. This led to the conclusion that isolation of the allochthonous sources of nutrients is the first step for the recovery of the Garças Pond.

          Translated abstract

          Empobrecimento de nutrientes foi realizado em mesocosmos localizados em reservatório eutrófico raso visando testar a técnica de remoção de nutrientes como método para diminuir o teor de eutrofização. O Lago das Garças situa-se na Reserva Biológica do Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga, região sudeste do Município de São Paulo. Foram delineados três tipos de tratamentos, cada qual composto por dois mesocosmos contendo 360 litros de água. Os mesocosmos foram construídos com sacos de polietileno transparente e canos de PVC e fixados próximos à região litoral do reservatório. As diluições dos tratamentos seguiram o Índice de Estado Trófico de Carlson modificado por Toledo e colaboradores, constituindo os tratamentos oligotrófico, mesotrófico e eutrófico. Foram realizadas, simultaneamente, 10 amostragens abióticas e nove bióticas. As trofias previamente estabelelecidas mantiveram-se imutáveis nos mesocosmos durante a maior parte do período experimental. Foi observada queda nas concentrações de OD em todos os tratamentos durante o período de estudo e aumento nos valores de amônio e gás carbônico livre indicando processo de decomposição nos tratamentos. O empobrecimento de nutrientes provocou limitação por P nos três tratamentos na maioria dos dias do experimento e proporcionou redução da biomassa fitoplanctônica, demonstrado pela diminuição da densidade total do fitoplâncton nos três tratamentos através da queda dos valores de clorofila a e feofitina. A competição pelos nutrientes restantes nos mesocosmos após diluição provocou alteração na composição da comunidade fitoplanctônica nos três tratamentos. O isolamento das fontes alóctones de nutrientes é passo primordial na recuperação do Lago das Graças.

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          The simultaneous analysis of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in natural waters

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            Blue-green algae: why they become dominant.

            The injection of carbon dioxide and the addition of nitrogen and phosphorus to a lake population dominated by blue-green algae results in a rapid shift to dominance by green algae. The basis for the change and its implications are discussed.
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              Fitopac1- Manual do Usuário

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbb
                Brazilian Journal of Botany
                Braz. J. Bot.
                Sociedade Botânica de São Paulo (São Paulo )
                1806-9959
                March 2005
                : 28
                : 1
                : 95-108
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                [2 ] Instituto de Botânica Brazil
                Article
                S0100-84042005000100009
                10.1590/S0100-84042005000100009
                be297af6-c09c-4e7f-bf36-b64554305bda

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-8404&lng=en
                Categories
                PLANT SCIENCES

                Plant science & Botany
                biomass,impoverishment,mesocosms,phosphorus,phytoplankton,biomassa,empobrecimento,fitoplâncton,fósforo,mesocosmos

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