51
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Touch of Chemokines

      review-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Chemoattractant cytokines or chemokines constitute a family of structurally related proteins found in vertebrates, bacteria, or viruses. So far, 48 chemokine genes have been identified in humans, which bind to around 20 chemokine receptors. These receptors belong to the seven transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor family. Chemokines and their receptors were originally studied for their role in cellular trafficking of leukocytes during inflammation and immune surveillance. It is now known that they exert different functions under physiological conditions such as homeostasis, development, tissue repair, and angiogenesis but also under pathological disorders including tumorigenesis, cancer metastasis, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. Physicochemical properties of chemokines and chemokine receptors confer the ability to homo- and hetero-oligomerize. Many efforts are currently performed in establishing new therapeutically compounds able to target the chemokine/chemokine receptor system. In this review, we are interested in the role of chemokines in inflammatory disease and leukocyte trafficking with a focus on vascular inflammatory diseases, the operating synergism, and the emerging therapeutic approaches of chemokines.

          Related collections

          Most cited references138

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Development of monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells.

          Monocytes and macrophages are critical effectors and regulators of inflammation and the innate immune response, the immediate arm of the immune system. Dendritic cells initiate and regulate the highly pathogen-specific adaptive immune responses and are central to the development of immunologic memory and tolerance. Recent in vivo experimental approaches in the mouse have unveiled new aspects of the developmental and lineage relationships among these cell populations. Despite this, the origin and differentiation cues for many tissue macrophages, monocytes, and dendritic cell subsets in mice, and the corresponding cell populations in humans, remain to be elucidated.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Genomewide association analysis of coronary artery disease.

            Modern genotyping platforms permit a systematic search for inherited components of complex diseases. We performed a joint analysis of two genomewide association studies of coronary artery disease. We first identified chromosomal loci that were strongly associated with coronary artery disease in the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (WTCCC) study (which involved 1926 case subjects with coronary artery disease and 2938 controls) and looked for replication in the German MI [Myocardial Infarction] Family Study (which involved 875 case subjects with myocardial infarction and 1644 controls). Data on other single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were significantly associated with coronary artery disease in either study (P 80%) of a true association: chromosomes 1p13.3 (rs599839), 1q41 (rs17465637), 10q11.21 (rs501120), and 15q22.33 (rs17228212). We identified several genetic loci that, individually and in aggregate, substantially affect the risk of development of coronary artery disease. Copyright 2007 Massachusetts Medical Society.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Circulating activated platelets exacerbate atherosclerosis in mice deficient in apolipoprotein E.

              We studied whether circulating activated platelets and platelet-leukocyte aggregates cause the development of atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein-E-deficient (Apoe(-/-)) mice. Circulating activated platelets bound to leukocytes, preferentially monocytes, to form platelet-monocyte/leukocyte aggregates. Activated platelets and platelet-leukocyte aggregates interacted with atherosclerotic lesions. The interactions of activated platelets with monocytes and atherosclerotic arteries led to delivery of the platelet-derived chemokines CCL5 (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted, RANTES) and CXCL4 (platelet factor 4) to the monocyte surface and endothelium of atherosclerotic arteries. The presence of activated platelets promoted leukocyte binding of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and increased their adhesiveness to inflamed or atherosclerotic endothelium. Injection of activated wild-type, but not P-selectin-deficient, platelets increased monocyte arrest on the surface of atherosclerotic lesions and the size of atherosclerotic lesions in Apoe(-/-) mice. Our results indicate that circulating activated platelets and platelet-leukocyte/monocyte aggregates promote formation of atherosclerotic lesions. This role of activated platelets in atherosclerosis is attributed to platelet P-selectin-mediated delivery of platelet-derived proinflammatory factors to monocytes/leukocytes and the vessel wall.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Front Immunol
                Front Immunol
                Front. Immun.
                Frontiers in Immunology
                Frontiers Research Foundation
                1664-3224
                11 April 2012
                12 July 2012
                2012
                : 3
                : 175
                Affiliations
                [1] 1simpleInstitute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich Munich, Germany
                [2] 2simpleCardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Maastricht, Netherlands
                [3] 3simpleMunich Heart Alliance Munich, Germany
                Author notes

                Edited by: Klaus Ley, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, USA

                Reviewed by: Klaus Ley, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, USA; Tatsuo Kinashi, Kansai Medical University, Japan

                *Correspondence: Xavier Blanchet and Marcella Langer, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 9, 80336 Munich, Germany. e-mail: xavier.blanchet@ 123456med.uni-muenchen.de ; marcella.langer@ 123456med.uni-muenchen.de

                This article was submitted to Frontiers in Chemoattractants, a specialty of Frontiers in Immunology.

                Article
                10.3389/fimmu.2012.00175
                3394994
                22807925
                be3e9030-e6d8-40e1-a97c-e36a111af734
                Copyright © 2012 Blanchet, Langer, Weber, Koenen and von Hundelshausen.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and subject to any copyright notices concerning any third-party graphics etc.

                History
                : 20 March 2012
                : 09 June 2012
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 3, Equations: 0, References: 171, Pages: 18, Words: 16687
                Categories
                Immunology
                Review Article

                Immunology
                chemokine receptor,therapeutics,oligomerization,vascular inflammatory diseases,leukocyte trafficking,chemokine,arrest

                Comments

                Comment on this article