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      LncRNA-mediated regulation of cell signaling in cancer

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      Author(s): 1 , 2 , 2 , 3 , 2 , 4
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Oncogene

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          Abstract

          To date, a large number of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recently discovered through functional genomics studies. Importantly, lncRNAs have been shown, in many cases, to function as master regulators for gene expression and thus, they can play a critical role in various biological functions and disease processes including cancer. Although the lncRNA-mediated gene expression involves various mechanisms, such as regulation of transcription, translation, protein modification, and the formation of RNA-protein or protein-protein complexes, in this review we discuss the latest developments primarily in important cell signaling pathways regulated by lncRNAs in cancer.

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          Long noncoding RNA as modular scaffold of histone modification complexes.

          Miao-Chih Tsai, Ohad Manor, Yue Wan … (2010)
          Long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) regulate chromatin states and epigenetic inheritance. Here, we show that the lincRNA HOTAIR serves as a scaffold for at least two distinct histone modification complexes. A 5' domain of HOTAIR binds polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), whereas a 3' domain of HOTAIR binds the LSD1/CoREST/REST complex. The ability to tether two distinct complexes enables RNA-mediated assembly of PRC2 and LSD1 and coordinates targeting of PRC2 and LSD1 to chromatin for coupled histone H3 lysine 27 methylation and lysine 4 demethylation. Our results suggest that lincRNAs may serve as scaffolds by providing binding surfaces to assemble select histone modification enzymes, thereby specifying the pattern of histone modifications on target genes.
          Article 0 comments Cited 1275 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Endogenous miRNA sponge lincRNA-RoR regulates Oct4, Nanog, and Sox2 in human embryonic stem cell self-renewal.

            Yue Wang, Zhenyu Xu, Junfeng Jiang … (2013)
            The embryonic stem cell (ESC) transcriptional and epigenetic networks are controlled by a multilayer regulatory circuitry, including core transcription factors (TFs), posttranscriptional modifier microRNAs (miRNAs), and some other regulators. However, the role of large intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) in this regulatory circuitry and their underlying mechanism remains undefined. Here, we demonstrate that a lincRNA, linc-RoR, may function as a key competing endogenous RNA to link the network of miRNAs and core TFs, e.g., Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog. We show that linc-RoR shares miRNA-response elements with these core TFs and that linc-RoR prevents these core TFs from miRNA-mediated suppression in self-renewing human ESC. We suggest that linc-RoR forms a feedback loop with core TFs and miRNAs to regulate ESC maintenance and differentiation. These results may provide insights into the functional interactions of the components of genetic networks during development and may lead to new therapies for many diseases. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
            Article 0 comments Cited 337 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Genome-wide transcription and the implications for genomic organization.

              Philipp Kapranov, Aarron T. Willingham, Thomas R. Gingeras (2007)
              Recent evidence of genome-wide transcription in several species indicates that the amount of transcription that occurs cannot be entirely accounted for by current sets of genome-wide annotations. Evidence indicates that most of both strands of the human genome might be transcribed, implying extensive overlap of transcriptional units and regulatory elements. These observations suggest that genomic architecture is not colinear, but is instead interleaved and modular, and that the same genomic sequences are multifunctional: that is, used for multiple independently regulated transcripts and as regulatory regions. What are the implications and consequences of such an interleaved genomic architecture in terms of increased information content, transcriptional complexity, evolution and disease states?
              Article 0 comments Cited 266 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-journal-id): 8711562
                Journal ID (pubmed-jr-id): 6325
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Oncogene
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Oncogene
                Title: Oncogene
                ISSN (Print): 0950-9232
                ISSN (Electronic): 1476-5594
                Publication date Nihms-submitted: 1 June 2017
                Publication date (Electronic): 12 June 2017
                Publication date (Print): 12 October 2017
                Publication date PMC-release: 05 April 2019
                Volume: 36
                Issue: 41
                Pages: 5661-5667
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
                [2 ]Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
                [3 ]Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
                [4 ]Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
                Article
                Manuscript ID: NIHMS874917
                DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.184
                PMC ID: 6450570
                PubMed ID: 28604750
                SO-VID: be7a9f1d-489f-4b2b-8144-498ea7d5dc4d
                License:

                Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use: http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms

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                ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy
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                ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy

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