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      Modelagem da ingestão, retenção e excreção de nitrogênio e fósforo pela suinocultura brasileira Translated title: Modelling of ingestion, retention and excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus of the Brazilian pig production

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          Abstract

          Um modelo estático, empírico e determinista da ingestão, retenção e excreção de N e P pela suinocultura brasileira (MSUINP) foi desenvolvido. Os princípios gerais foram baseados nos sistemas tecnológicos (ST), nas categorias animais, nas concentrações de N e P das dietas e nas eficiências digestiva e metabólica de N e P. O modelo integra três níveis de agregação e é constituído de dez compartimentos (N e P ingeridos, N e P do sistema gastrintestinal, N e P retidos, N e P fecais, N e P urinários), 300 subcompartimentos (50 relacionados aos ST e 250 às categorias animais). Os ST foram definidos pelo número de leitões terminados/matriz/ano. Os fluxos de N e P entre os compartimentos e as relações temporais de cada fase dentro das categorias animais seguiram modelos publicados. A ingestão e retenção total anual de N simuladas foram de 193 e 46 mil t, respectivamente e as excreções fecal e urinária de N simuladas foram de 37 e 110 mil t, respectivamente. Aproximadamente 58% da ingestão, 77% da retenção e 52% da excreção do N estão no sistema de alta tecnologia. A ingestão e retenção total anual de P simuladas foram de 46 e 11 mil t, respectivamente. As excreções fecal e urinária de P simuladas foram de 29 e 6 mil t, respectivamente. O modelo desenvolvido é capaz de simular adequadamente os fluxos de N e P nos sistemas de alta e média tecnologias de produção suína no Brasil.

          Translated abstract

          A static, empirical and determinist model of ingestion, retention and excretion of N and P was developed for the Brazilian pig production. The general principles were: technological systems (ST), animal categories, N and P in the diets, and digestive and metabolic efficiencies of N and P. The model integrates three aggregation levels, being constituted by ten compartments (ingestion, gastrointestinal contents, retention, and excretions of P and N), 300 sub-compartments (50 related to ST and 250 to animal categories). The ST was defined by the number of slaughter animals/sow/year. The flows of N and P among compartments and temporary relations were the same as literature data. The simulated N ingestion and retention were of 193 and 46 thousand t, respectively. The simulated N excretion by fecal and urinary was 37 and 110 thousand t, respectively. Approximately 58% of N ingestion, 77% of N retention and 52% of N excretion were observed in the high ST. The simulated P ingestion and retention were of 46 and 11 thousand t, respectively. The simulated P fecal and urinary excretion was of 29 and 6 thousand t, respectively. This model is adequate to simulate N and P flows for systems of high and medium technologies of the Brazilian pig production.

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          Most cited references18

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          Nitrogen and phosphorus consumption, utilisation and losses in pig production: France

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            Phosphorus bioavailability, growth performance, and nutrient balance in pigs fed high available phosphorus corn and phytase.

            Three experiments were conducted to evaluate P bioavailability, growth performance, and nutrient balance in pigs fed high available P (HAP) corn with or without phytase. The bioavailability of P in normal and HAP corn relative to monosodiumphosphate (MSP) for pigs was assessed in Exp. 1. In a randomized complete block design, 96 pigs (average initial BW 9.75 kg) were fed eight diets for 28 d. The reference and test diets were formulated by adding P as MSP, HAP, or normal corn at 0, 0.75, or 1.5 g/kg to a corn-starch-soybean meal basal diet (2.5 g/kg P) at the expense of cornstarch. Plasma inorganic P concentration responded linearly (P < 0.05) to supplemental P intake. Estimates of P bioavailability from HAP andnormal corn when plasma P was regressed on supplemental P intake were 46 and 33%, respectively. In Exp. 2 and 3, pigs were fed corn-soybean meal-based diets containing HAP corn or normal corn and 0 or 600 units of phytase per kilogram in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement (two corn sources and two levels of phytase). In Exp. 2, 48 crossbred pigs (barrow:gilt, 1:1) averaging 9.25 kg were used to evaluate growth performance. There were no detectable interactions between corn source and phytase for any of the performance criteria measured. Pigs receiving normal corn had the lowest (P < 0.05) BW and rate of gain. Feed efficiency was lower (P < 0.05) in pigs fed normal compared with those fed the HAP corn phytase-supplemented diet. In Exp. 3, 24 crossbred barrows averaging 14.0 kg were used to evaluate nutrient digestibility. There were no detectable interactions between corn and phytase for any of the N and Ca balance criteria. Nitrogen and Ca retention were improved in pigs receiving HAP corn with phytase (P < 0.05). Retention and digestibility of P was lowest (P < 0.01) for pigs on normal corn diet without phytase. The percentage of P digested and retained was improved and fecal P excretion lowered (P < 0.05) by feeding HAP corn. The results of this study indicate that the bioavailability and balance of P in HAP corn is superior to that of normal corn. The addition of 600 phytase units (Natuphos 600, BASF) to HAP corn-based diets further improved P digestibility and reduced P excretion in pigs.
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              A dynamic model of protein digestion in the small intestine of pigs.

                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbz
                Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
                R. Bras. Zootec.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia (Viçosa, MG, Brazil )
                1516-3598
                1806-9290
                December 2005
                : 34
                : 6 suppl
                : 2348-2354
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria orgdiv1Departamento de Zootecnia orgdiv2Setor de Suinocultura lovatto@ 123456smail.ufsm.br
                [02] orgnameUFSM
                Article
                S1516-35982005000700022 S1516-3598(05)03400622
                be8a9d1e-e4f1-47a6-a074-e30ffdf51329

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 July 2005
                : 20 September 2004
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 19, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Monogástricos

                model,nutrition,feeding,pigs,modelos,nutrição,alimentação,suínos
                model, nutrition, feeding, pigs, modelos, nutrição, alimentação, suínos

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